1955 AMC 12 第 30 题

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30.

方程 3x22=253x^2-2=25(2x1)2=(x1)2(2x-1)^2=(x-1)^2x27=x1\sqrt{x^2-7}=\sqrt{x-1} 都满足:

Each of the equations 3x22=25,3x^2-2=25, (2x1)2=(x1)2,(2x-1)^2=(x-1)^2, x27=x1\sqrt{x^2-7}=\sqrt{x-1} has:

有两个整数根

two integral roots

没有大于 33 的根

no root greater than 33

没有零根

no root zero

只有一个根

only one root

有一个负根和一个正根

one negative root and one positive root

答案:B
知识点:equation solvingradical domaincommon property
难度评级:1670
小提示:

分别解每个方程,再比较各自根的性质

Solve each equation separately and compare the properties of their roots

大提示:

对根式方程,舍去使任一被开方数为负的候选值

For the radical equation, reject candidates that make either radicand negative

解答:

第一个方程给出 x=±3x=\pm3。对第二个方程作平方差因式分解,得到 [(2x1)(x1)][(2x1)+(x1)]=x(3x2)=0 \begin{aligned} &[(2x-1)-(x-1)]\\ &\quad\cdot[(2x-1)+(x-1)]\\ &\qquad=x(3x-2)=0 \end{aligned}\text{,}所以 x=0x=023\frac{2}{3}。将第三个方程两边平方,得到 x2x6=0x^2-x-6=0,候选值为 332-2;只有 33 满足实数定义域的限制。所得的每个根都不大于 33

因此,每个方程都没有大于 33 的根,正确答案是 B

The first equation gives x=±3.x=\pm3. Factoring the difference of squares in the second gives [(2x1)(x1)][(2x1)+(x1)]=x(3x2)=0, \begin{aligned} &[(2x-1)-(x-1)]\\ &\quad\cdot[(2x-1)+(x-1)]\\ &\qquad=x(3x-2)=0, \end{aligned} so x=0x=0 or 23.\frac{2}{3}. Squaring the third gives x2x6=0,x^2-x-6=0, with candidates 33 and 2;-2; only 33 satisfies the real-domain restrictions. Every root obtained is at most 3.3.

Thus, each equation has no root greater than 3,3, and the correct answer is B.

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