1968 AMC 12 第 30 题

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30.

在同一平面内画有凸多边形 P1P_1P2P_2,其边数分别为 n1n_1n2n_2,且 n1n2n_1\leq n_2。若 P1P_1P2P_2 没有任何公共线段,则 P1P_1P2P_2 交点数的最大值为:

Convex polygons P1P_1 and P2P_2 are drawn in the same plane with n1n_1 and n2n_2 sides, respectively, n1n2.n_1\leq n_2. If P1P_1 and P2P_2 do not have any line segment in common, then the maximum number of intersections of P1P_1 and P2P_2 is:

2n12n_1

2n22n_2

n1n2n_1n_2

n1+n2n_1+n_2

以上皆非

none of these

答案:A
知识点:交点计数极端原理
难度评级:2130
小提示:

一条线段至多只能进入并离开一个凸多边形一次

A line segment can enter and leave a convex polygon at most once

大提示:

对边数较少的多边形的每一条边应用这一上界

Apply that bound to each side of the polygon with fewer sides

解答:

P1P_1 的每条边都位于一条直线上,它与凸区域 P2P_2 的交集要么是一条线段,要么为空。因此该边与 P2P_2 的边界至多相交两次。对 n1n_1 条边合计,交点数至多为 2n12n_1;取适当的狭长凸 n1n_1 边形穿过一个凸 n2n_2 边形即可达到此上界。

因此,正确答案是 A

Each side of P1P_1 lies on a line, and its intersection with the convex region P2P_2 is a single segment or empty. Thus that side crosses the boundary of P2P_2 at most twice. Across n1n_1 sides there are at most 2n1,2n_1, and a suitable thin convex n1n_1-gon crossing a convex n2n_2-gon attains this bound.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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