1968 AMC 12 第 31 题

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31.

在这幅未按比例绘制的图中,图形 I\mathrm{I}III\mathrm{III} 是面积分别为 32332\sqrt3838\sqrt3 平方英寸的等边三角形区域。图形 II\mathrm{II} 是面积为 3232 平方英寸的正方形区域。将线段 ADAD 的长度减少其自身的 1212%12\dfrac12\%,而 ABABCDCD 的长度保持不变。正方形面积减少的百分比为:

In this diagram, not drawn to scale, figures I\mathrm{I} and III\mathrm{III} are equilateral triangular regions with respective areas of 32332\sqrt3 and 838\sqrt3 square inches. Figure II\mathrm{II} is a square region with area 3232 square inches. Let the length of segment ADAD be decreased by 1212%12\dfrac12\% of itself, while the lengths of ABAB and CDCD remain unchanged. The percent decrease in the area of the square is:

121212\dfrac12

2525

5050

7575

871287\dfrac12

答案:D
知识点:等边三角形正方形(几何)面积百分数
难度评级:1800
小提示:

根据三个已知面积求出边长 ABABBCBCCDCD

Convert the three given areas into the side lengths AB,AB, BC,BC, CDCD

大提示:

ADAD 的减少量全部来自正方形的边长

The decrease in ADAD is absorbed entirely by the square’s side

解答:

(34)s2=323(\frac{\sqrt3}{4})s^2=32\sqrt3AB=82AB=8\sqrt2。正方形的边长 BC=42BC=4\sqrt2,较小等边三角形的边长也有 CD=42CD=4\sqrt2。因此 AD=162AD=16\sqrt2。将它减少 18\frac{1}{8},会使 BCBC 减少 222\sqrt2,其新长度为 222\sqrt2。正方形面积从 3232 降至 88,减少了 75%75\%

因此,正确答案是 D

From (34)s2=323,(\frac{\sqrt3}{4})s^2=32\sqrt3, AB=82.AB=8\sqrt2. The square has BC=42,BC=4\sqrt2, and the smaller equilateral triangle also has CD=42.CD=4\sqrt2. Thus AD=162.AD=16\sqrt2. Decreasing it by 18\frac{1}{8} removes 222\sqrt2 from BC,BC, whose new length is 22.2\sqrt2. The square’s area falls from 3232 to 8,8, a 75%75\% decrease.

Therefore, the correct answer is D.

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