1969 AMC 12 第 31 题

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31.

xyxy 平面内,设 OABCOABC 为单位正方形,其中 O(0,0)O(0,0)A(1,0)A(1,0)B(1,1)B(1,1)C(0,1)C(0,1)。由 u=x2y2u=x^2-y^2v=2xyv=2xy 定义从 xyxy 平面到 uvuv 平面的变换。该正方形的变换图像为:

Let OABCOABC be a unit square in the xyxy-plane with O(0,0),O(0,0), A(1,0),A(1,0), B(1,1),B(1,1), and C(0,1).C(0,1). Let u=x2y2u=x^2-y^2 and v=2xyv=2xy define a transformation of the xyxy-plane into the uvuv-plane. The transform (or image) of the square is:

答案:D
知识点:坐标几何抛物线变换
难度评级:2120
小提示:

先求四个顶点的像,再分别变换每条边

Map the four vertices and then transform each side separately

大提示:

水平边与竖直边变成两条线段和两段抛物线弧

The horizontal sides and vertical sides become two line segments and two parabolic arcs

解答:

各顶点的像为 O(0,0),A(1,0),B(0,2),C(1,0) \begin{aligned} O&\mapsto(0,0),\\ A&\mapsto(1,0),\\ B&\mapsto(0,2),\\ C&\mapsto(-1,0) \end{aligned}\text{。}OAOA 映为从 (0,0)(0,0)(1,0)(1,0) 的线段,COCO 映为从 (1,0)(-1,0)(0,0)(0,0) 的线段。在 ABAB 上,x=1x=1,所以 u=1v24u=1-\frac{v^2}{4};在 BCBC 上,y=1y=1,所以 u=v241u=\frac{v^2}{4}-1。它们是连接 (±1,0)(\pm1,0)(0,2)(0,2) 的两段上方抛物线弧。

所以正确答案是 D

The vertices map as O(0,0),A(1,0),B(0,2),C(1,0). \begin{aligned} O&\mapsto(0,0),\\ A&\mapsto(1,0),\\ B&\mapsto(0,2),\\ C&\mapsto(-1,0). \end{aligned} Side OAOA maps to the segment from (0,0)(0,0) to (1,0),(1,0), and COCO maps to the segment from (1,0)(-1,0) to (0,0).(0,0). On AB,AB, x=1,x=1, so u=1v24;u=1-\frac{v^2}{4}; on BC,BC, y=1,y=1, so u=v241.u=\frac{v^2}{4}-1. These are the two upper parabolic arcs joining (±1,0)(\pm1,0) to (0,2).(0,2).

Therefore, the correct answer is D.

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