1955 AMC 12 第 31 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

31.

一个边长为 22 的等边三角形被一条平行于其一边的直线分成一个三角形和一个梯形。若梯形的面积等于原三角形面积的一半,则梯形中位线的长度为:

An equilateral triangle whose side is 22 is divided into a triangle and a trapezoid by a line drawn parallel to one of its sides. If the area of the trapezoid equals one-half of the area of the original triangle, the length of the median of the trapezoid is:

62\dfrac{\sqrt6}{2}

2\sqrt2

2+22+\sqrt2

2+22\dfrac{2+\sqrt2}{2}

2362\dfrac{2\sqrt3-\sqrt6}{2}

答案:D
知识点:similar trianglestrapezoid midsegment面积比
难度评级:1630
小提示:

小三角形的面积是原三角形的一半,利用相似求出其边长

The small triangle has half the original area, so determine its side using similarity

大提示:

梯形中位线的长度等于两条平行边长度的平均数

The trapezoid median is the average of its two parallel side lengths

解答:

小三角形的面积也等于原三角形面积的一半。若小三角形中平行于原底边的边长为 bb,由相似关系 (b2)2=12 \left(\frac b2\right)^2=\frac12\text{,}所以 b=2b=\sqrt2。梯形两条平行边的长度为 222\sqrt2,因此其中位线长为 2+22 \frac{2+\sqrt2}{2}\text{。}

因此,正确答案是 D

The small triangle also has half the original area. If its side parallel to the original base has length b,b, similarity gives (b2)2=12, \left(\frac b2\right)^2=\frac12, so b=2.b=\sqrt2. The parallel sides of the trapezoid have lengths 22 and 2,\sqrt2, so its median has length 2+22. \frac{2+\sqrt2}{2}.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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