1999 AMC 12 第 30 题

先试着解答 1999 AMC 12 第 30 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1999 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

30.

满足 mn≥0mn \ge 0 的整数有序对 (m,n)(m, n),且
m3+n3+99mn=333m^3 + n^3 + 99mn = 33^3
的个数等于
The number of ordered pairs of integers (m,n)(m, n) for which mn≥0mn \ge 0 and
m3+n3+99mn=333m^3 + n^3 + 99mn = 33^3
is equal to
22
33
3333
3535
9999
答案:D
知识点:因式分解丢番图方程
小提示:
因为 99=3⋅3399 = 3 \cdot 33,方程可写成 m3+n3+(−33)3m^3 + n^3 + (-33)^3 −3mn(−33)=0- 3mn(-33) = 0。
Since 99=3⋅33,99 = 3 \cdot 33, the equation is m3+n3+(−33)3m^3 + n^3 + (-33)^3 −3mn(−33)=0- 3mn(-33) = 0
大提示:
使用恒等式 x3+y3+z3x^3 + y^3 + z^3 −3xyz=(x+y+z)- 3xyz = (x + y + z) ⋅(x2+y2+z2−xy−yz−zx)\cdot (x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - xy - yz - zx)。
Use x3+y3+z3x^3 + y^3 + z^3 −3xyz=(x+y+z)- 3xyz = (x + y + z) ⋅(x2+y2+z2−xy−yz−zx)\cdot (x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - xy - yz - zx)
解答:
令 z=−33z = -33,方程变为 m3+n3+z3−3mnz=0m^3 + n^3 + z^3 - 3mnz = 0,因式分解得 (m+n−33)⋅(m2+n2+332−mn+33m+33n)=0。 \begin{aligned} &(m + n - 33) \\ &\quad {}\cdot \scriptsize\left(m^2 + n^2 + 33^2 - mn + 33m + 33n\right) \\ &= 0 \end{aligned}\text{。}
第二个因子等于 12[(m−n)2+(m+33)2+(n+33)2]\scriptsize\tfrac12\big[(m - n)^2 + (m + 33)^2 + (n + 33)^2\big],只在 (m,n)=(−33,−33)(m, n) = (-33, -33) 时为 00,且满足 mn≥0mn \ge 0。
否则 m+n=33m + n = 33。由 mn≥0mn \ge 0,二者同为非负,得到 (0,33),(1,32),…,(33,0)(0, 33), (1, 32), \ldots, (33, 0),共 3434 对。总计 3535 对。
所以正确答案是 D。
Writing z=−33,z = -33, the equation becomes m3+n3+z3−3mnz=0,m^3 + n^3 + z^3 - 3mnz = 0, which factors as (m+n−33)⋅(m2+n2+332−mn+33m+33n)=0. \begin{aligned} &(m + n - 33) \\ &\quad {}\cdot \scriptsize\left(m^2 + n^2 + 33^2 - mn + 33m + 33n\right) \\ &= 0. \end{aligned}
The second factor equals 12[(m−n)2+(m+33)2+(n+33)2],\scriptsize\tfrac12\big[(m - n)^2 + (m + 33)^2 + (n + 33)^2\big], which is 00 only at (m,n)=(−33,−33);(m, n) = (-33, -33); this satisfies mn≥0.mn \ge 0.
Otherwise m+n=33.m + n = 33. With mn≥0mn \ge 0 both are nonnegative, giving (0,33),(1,32),…,(33,0),(0, 33), (1, 32), \ldots, (33, 0), which is 3434 pairs. Together there are 3535 solutions.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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