1998 AIME 第 1 题

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1.

有多少个 kk 值,使 121212^{12} 是正整数 666^6888^8kk 的最小公倍数?

For how many values of kk is 121212^{12} the least common multiple of the positive integers 66,6^6, 88,8^8, and k?k?

答案:25
知识点:最小公倍数质因数分解
难度评级:1890
解答:

因为 1212=22431212^{12} = 2^{24} 3^{12}66=26366^6 = 2^6 3^6,且 88=2248^8 = 2^{24},所以 kk 不能含有 2233 以外的质因数。设 k=2a3bk = 2^a 3^b。这三个数的最小公倍数为 2max(24,a)3max(6,b)2^{\max(24,\,a)} \, 3^{\max(6,\,b)}

要等于 2243122^{24} 3^{12},必须有 max(24,a)=24\max(24, a) = 24,即 0a240 \le a \le 24,并且 max(6,b)=12\max(6, b) = 12,即 b=12b = 12。于是 aa2525 种选择,bb 有一种选择,所以共有 2525kk 的值。

Since 1212=224312,12^{12} = 2^{24} 3^{12}, 66=2636,6^6 = 2^6 3^6, and 88=224,8^8 = 2^{24}, the number kk can involve no primes other than 22 and 3,3, so write k=2a3b.k = 2^a 3^b. The least common multiple of the three numbers is then 2max(24,a)3max(6,b).2^{\max(24,\,a)} \, 3^{\max(6,\,b)}.

Matching this to 2243122^{24} 3^{12} requires max(24,a)=24,\max(24, a) = 24, i.e. 0a24,0 \le a \le 24, and max(6,b)=12,\max(6, b) = 12, i.e. b=12.b = 12. That gives 2525 choices for aa and one for b,b, so there are 2525 values of k.k.

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