2016 AIME I Problem 1

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 1 of the 2016 AIME I, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2016 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

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Concepts:geometric sequencealgebraic manipulation

Difficulty rating: 1840

1.

For 1<r<1,-1 \lt r \lt 1, let S(r)S(r) denote the sum of the geometric series 12+12r+12r2+12r3+.12 + 12r + 12r^2 + 12r^3 + \cdots. Let aa between 1-1 and 11 satisfy S(a)S(a)=2016.S(a)S(-a) = 2016. Find S(a)+S(a).S(a) + S(-a).

Solution:

The geometric series sums to S(r)=121r.S(r) = \frac{12}{1 - r}. Therefore S(a)S(a)=121a121+a=1441a2=2016,S(a)S(-a) = \frac{12}{1 - a} \cdot \frac{12}{1 + a} = \frac{144}{1 - a^2} = 2016, so 11a2=14.\frac{1}{1 - a^2} = 14.

Adding the two sums over a common denominator, S(a)+S(a)=121a+121+a=241a2=2414=336.S(a) + S(-a) = \frac{12}{1 - a} + \frac{12}{1 + a} = \frac{24}{1 - a^2} = 24 \cdot 14 = 336.

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