1959 AMC 12 第 26 题

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26.

一个等腰三角形的底边长为 2\sqrt2。两条腰上的中线互相垂直。该三角形的面积为:

The base of an isosceles triangle is 2.\sqrt2. The medians to the legs intersect each other at right angles. The area of the triangle is:

1.51.5

22

2.52.5

3.53.5

44

答案:A
知识点:等腰三角形中线(几何)坐标几何面积
难度评级:1660
小提示:

将底边两端点关于原点对称放置,并把第三个顶点置于底边的垂直平分线上

Place the base endpoints symmetrically about the origin and the third vertex on the perpendicular bisector

大提示:

写出两条中线的方向向量,并令其点积为零

Write direction vectors for the two medians and set their dot product equal to zero

解答:

将底边两端点置于 A=(22,0)A=(-\frac{\sqrt2}{2},0)B=(22,0)B=(\frac{\sqrt2}{2},0),并设第三个顶点为 C=(0,h)C=(0,h)。从 AA 出发的中线方向为 (324,h2) \left(\frac{3\sqrt2}{4},\frac h2\right)\text{,}BB 出发的中线方向为 (324,h2) \left(-\frac{3\sqrt2}{4},\frac h2\right)\text{。}两者点积为零,所以 98+h24=0 -\frac98+\frac{h^2}{4}=0\text{,}h=322h=\frac{3\sqrt2}{2}。因此面积为 122322=32 \frac12\cdot\sqrt2\cdot\frac{3\sqrt2}{2}=\frac32\text{。}

因此,正确答案是 A

Put the base endpoints at A=(22,0)A=(-\frac{\sqrt2}{2},0) and B=(22,0),B=(\frac{\sqrt2}{2},0), and let the third vertex be C=(0,h).C=(0,h). The median from AA has direction (324,h2), \left(\frac{3\sqrt2}{4},\frac h2\right), while the median from BB has direction (324,h2). \left(-\frac{3\sqrt2}{4},\frac h2\right). Their dot product is zero, so 98+h24=0, -\frac98+\frac{h^2}{4}=0, and h=322.h=\frac{3\sqrt2}{2}. Thus the area is 122322=32. \frac12\cdot\sqrt2\cdot\frac{3\sqrt2}{2}=\frac32.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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