1954 AMC 12 第 26 题
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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。
26.
点 将直线段 分割,使得 。分别以 和 为直径作圆,两圆的一条公切线与 的延长线交于 。则 等于:
The straight line is divided at so that Circles are described on and as diameters and a common tangent meets produced at Then equals:
较小圆的直径
the diameter of the smaller circle
较小圆的半径
the radius of the smaller circle
较大圆的半径
the radius of the larger circle
两圆半径之差
the difference of the two radii
小提示:
点 是两圆的外位似中心
The point is the external center of similitude of the two circles
大提示:
设 ,并按 比较 到两圆心的距离
Let and compare the distances from to the two centers in the ratio
解答:
设 ,则 ,且 。从 起量,两圆心的位置分别为 和 ,两半径之比为 。若 ,公切线使 成为两圆的外位似中心,所以 因此 ,且 这正是较小圆的半径。
因此,正确答案是 B。
Let so and Measured from the circle centers are at and and their radii are in the ratio If the common external tangent makes the external center of similitude, so Hence and which is the radius of the smaller circle.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
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