1967 AMC 12 第 27 题

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27.

两支等长的蜡烛由不同材料制成,其中一支以均匀速度在 33 小时内燃尽,另一支在 44 小时内燃尽。应在下午几点点燃蜡烛,才能使下午 44 点时一支蜡烛的剩余长度是另一支的两倍?

Two candles of the same length are made of different materials so that one burns out completely at a uniform rate in 33 hours and the other in 44 hours. At what time P.M. should the candles be lighted so that, at 44 P.M., one stub is twice the length of the other?

1:241{:}24

1:281{:}28

1:361{:}36

1:401{:}40

1:481{:}48

答案:C
知识点:速率一次方程日期与时间
难度评级:1500
小提示:

设蜡烛在下午 44 点前燃烧的小时数为 tt

Let tt be the number of hours the candles burn before 44 P.M.

大提示:

它们剩余的比例分别为 1t31-\frac{t}{3}1t41-\frac{t}{4}

Their remaining fractions are 1t31-\frac{t}{3} and 1t41-\frac{t}{4}

解答:

经过 tt 小时后,燃烧较快和较慢的蜡烛剩余比例分别为 1t31-\frac{t}{3}1t41-\frac{t}{4}。较慢蜡烛的剩余长度必须是较快蜡烛的两倍:1t4=2(1t3) 1-\frac t4=2\left(1-\frac t3\right)\text{。}因此 t=125=2t=\frac{12}{5}=2 小时 2424 分钟。从下午 44 点向前推,得到下午 1:361{:}36

因此,正确答案是 C

After tt hours, the faster and slower candles have fractions 1t31-\frac{t}{3} and 1t41-\frac{t}{4} remaining. The slower stub must be twice the faster: 1t4=2(1t3). 1-\frac t4=2\left(1-\frac t3\right). Thus t=125=2t=\frac{12}{5}=2 hours 2424 minutes. Counting back from 44 P.M. gives 1:361{:}36 P.M.

Therefore, the correct answer is C.

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