1991 AMC 12 第 27 题

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27.

x+x21+1xx21=20 \begin{aligned} x+\sqrt{x^2-1} &+\frac1{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}\\ &=20 \end{aligned}\text{,}x2+x41+1x2+x41= \begin{aligned} x^2+\sqrt{x^4-1} &+\frac1{x^2+\sqrt{x^4-1}}\\ &= \end{aligned}

If x+x21+1xx21=20, \begin{aligned} x+\sqrt{x^2-1} &+\frac1{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}\\ &=20, \end{aligned} then x2+x41+1x2+x41= \begin{aligned} x^2+\sqrt{x^4-1} &+\frac1{x^2+\sqrt{x^4-1}}\\ &= \end{aligned}

5.055.05

2020

51.00551.005

61.2561.25

400400

答案:C
知识点:conjugate radicalsreciprocalalgebraic identity
难度评级:2110
小提示:

有理化 1xx21\frac1{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}

Rationalize 1xx21\frac1{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}

大提示:

所求式的后两项互为共轭式

The last two terms of the requested expression are conjugates

解答:

因为 1xx21=x+x21 \frac1{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}=x+\sqrt{x^2-1}\text{,}已知方程给出 x+x21=10x+\sqrt{x^2-1}=10。其倒数为 xx21=110x-\sqrt{x^2-1}=\frac{1}{10},相加得到 2x=10.12x=10.1,所以 x=5.05x=5.05。另外,1x2+x41=x2x41 \frac1{x^2+\sqrt{x^4-1}}=x^2-\sqrt{x^4-1}\text{。}因此所求式为 2x2=2(5.05)2=51.0052x^2=2(5.05)^2=51.005

因此正确答案为 C

Because 1xx21=x+x21, \frac1{x-\sqrt{x^2-1}}=x+\sqrt{x^2-1}, the given equation implies x+x21=10.x+\sqrt{x^2-1}=10. Its reciprocal is xx21=110,x-\sqrt{x^2-1}=\frac{1}{10}, so adding yields 2x=10.12x=10.1 and x=5.05.x=5.05. Also 1x2+x41=x2x41. \frac1{x^2+\sqrt{x^4-1}}=x^2-\sqrt{x^4-1}. Therefore the requested expression is 2x2=2(5.05)2=51.005.2x^2=2(5.05)^2=51.005.

Thus the correct answer is C.

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