1961 AMC 12 第 27 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

27.

给定边数不同的两个等角多边形 P1P_1P2P_2P1P_1 的每个角为 xx 度,P2P_2 的每个角为 kxkx 度,其中 kk 是大于 11 的整数。数对 (x,k)(x,k) 的可能个数为:

Given two equiangular polygons P1P_1 and P2P_2 with different numbers of sides; each angle of P1P_1 is xx degrees and each angle of P2P_2 is kxkx degrees, where kk is an integer greater than 1.1. The number of possibilities for the pair (x,k)(x,k) is:

无穷多个

infinite

有限个,但多于两个

finite, but greater than two

两个

two

一个

one

零个

zero

答案:D
知识点:等角多边形角度和不等式
难度评级:1710
小提示:

等角 nn 边形的每个角为 180360n180^\circ-\frac{360^\circ}{n}

An equiangular nn-gon has angle 180360n180^\circ-\frac{360^\circ}{n}

大提示:

kx<180kx<180^\circk2k\ge2 限制较小的角 xx

Use kx<180kx<180^\circ and k2k\ge2 to constrain the smaller angle xx

解答:

每个多边形内角至少为 6060^\circ,每个凸多边形内角小于 180180^\circ。由于 k2k\ge2kx<180kx<180^\circ,必须有 x<90x<90^\circ。区间 [60,90)[60^\circ,90^\circ) 内唯一可能的等角多边形内角是三角形的 x=60x=60^\circ。此时 k=2k=2 给出 kx=120kx=120^\circ,即正六边形的内角;更大的 kk 不可能。因此只有一对。

所以,正确答案是 D

Every polygon angle is at least 60,60^\circ, and every convex polygon angle is less than 180.180^\circ. Since k2k\ge2 and kx<180,kx<180^\circ, we need x<90.x<90^\circ. The only possible equiangular polygon angle in [60,90)[60^\circ,90^\circ) is the triangle angle x=60.x=60^\circ. Then k=2k=2 gives kx=120,kx=120^\circ, the angle of a regular hexagon; larger kk is impossible. Hence there is one pair.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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