1954 AMC 12 第 29 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

29.

若一个直角三角形的两条直角边之比为 1:21:2,则从直角顶点向斜边作垂线后,斜边上对应两段之比为:

If the ratio of the legs of a right triangle is 1:2,1:2, then the ratio of the corresponding segments of the hypotenuse made by a perpendicular upon it from the vertex is:

1:41:4

1:21:\sqrt2

1:21:2

1:51:\sqrt5

1:51:5

答案:A
知识点:直角三角形高线相似
难度评级:1420
小提示:

斜边上的两段分别是两条直角边在斜边上的投影

The two hypotenuse segments are the projections of the legs

大提示:

由相似关系,它们的比等于对应直角边平方之比

By similarity, their ratio is the ratio of the squares of the corresponding legs

解答:

若两条直角边长为 aabb,则它们在斜边上的投影长为 a2c\frac{a^2}{c}b2c\frac{b^2}{c}。因此两段之比为 a2:b2a^2:b^2。当 a:b=1:2a:b=1:2 时,该比为 1:41:4

因此,正确答案是 A

If the legs have lengths aa and b,b, their projections on the hypotenuse have lengths a2c\frac{a^2}{c} and b2c.\frac{b^2}{c}. Their ratio is therefore a2:b2.a^2:b^2. With a:b=1:2,a:b=1:2, this is 1:4.1:4.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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