1960 AMC 12 真题
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1.
2.
一只钟从恰好 开始敲响 下,共用 秒。若每相邻两次敲响的时间间隔相同,那么敲响 下需要多少秒?
It takes seconds for a clock to strike o’clock beginning at o’clock precisely. If the strikings are uniformly spaced, how long, in seconds, does it take to strike o’clock?
以上都不是
none of these
小提示:
敲响六下只包含五个时间间隔
Six strikes contain only five time intervals
大提示:
敲响十二下包含十一个同样长的时间间隔
Twelve strikes contain eleven intervals of the same length
解答:
从 下中的第一下到最后一下共有 个相等的时间间隔,所以每个间隔为 秒。敲响十二下共有 个这样的间隔,因此需要 秒。
因此,正确答案是 C。
There are equal intervals from the first of strikes to the last, so each interval lasts second. Twelve strikes contain such intervals and therefore take seconds.
Thus, the correct answer is C.
3.
对一张金额为 的账单,打 的折扣与先后打 和 的两次折扣之间的差额(以美元计)是:
Applied to a bill for the difference between a discount of and two successive discounts of and expressed in dollars, is:
小提示:
连续折扣应依次计算,而不是直接相加
Successive discounts are applied one after the other, not added
大提示:
将账单的 与其 再加上剩余 的 比较
Compare of the bill with plus of the remaining
解答:
的折扣为 。两次连续折扣的总额为 两者之差为 美元。
因此,正确答案是 B。
A discount is The successive discounts total Their difference is dollars.
Therefore, the correct answer is B.
4.
一个三角形的两个角均为 ,它们的夹边长为 英寸。这个三角形的面积(以平方英寸计)是:
Each of two angles of a triangle is and the included side is inches. The area of the triangle, in square inches, is:
小提示:
求出三角形的第三个角
Determine the third angle of the triangle
大提示:
使用边长为 的等边三角形面积公式
Use the area formula for an equilateral triangle of side
解答:
第三个角也是 ,所以该三角形是边长为 的等边三角形。其面积为
因此,正确答案是 C。
The third angle is also so the triangle is equilateral with side Its area is
Thus, the correct answer is C.
5.
图像 与 的不同公共点共有:
The number of distinct points common to the graphs of and is:
无穷多个
infinitely many
四个
four
两个
two
一个
one
没有
none
6.
一个圆的周长为 英寸。该圆内接正方形的边长(以英寸计)是:
The circumference of a circle is inches. The side of a square inscribed in this circle, expressed in inches, is:
小提示:
由周长求出直径
Find the diameter from the circumference
大提示:
内接正方形的对角线就是圆的直径
The diagonal of the inscribed square is the circle’s diameter
解答:
直径为 。若正方形的边长为 ,则其对角线为 ,所以 因此 。
因此,正确答案是 B。
The diameter is If the square has side its diagonal is so Therefore
Thus, the correct answer is B.
7.
圆 I 经过圆 II 的圆心,并与圆 II 相切。圆 I 的面积为 平方英寸。那么圆 II 的面积(以平方英寸计)是:
Circle I passes through the center of, and is tangent to, circle II. The area of circle I is square inches. Then the area of circle II, in square inches, is:
答案:D
小提示:
画出经过两个圆心和切点的直线
Draw the line through the two centers and the tangency point
大提示:
圆 II 的半径是圆 I 半径的两倍
The radius of circle II is twice the radius of circle I
解答:
因为圆 I 经过圆 II 的圆心,所以两圆心之间的距离等于圆 I 的半径 。内切又使该距离等于 ,其中 是圆 II 的半径。因此 ,面积便乘以 。所以圆 II 的面积为 。
因此,正确答案是 D。
Because circle I passes through the center of circle II, the distance between the centers equals the radius of circle I. Internal tangency also makes that distance where is the radius of circle II. Thus and the area is multiplied by It is therefore
Thus, the correct answer is D.
8.
数 可以写成分数。将该分数约成最简分数后,其分子与分母之和是:
The number can be written as a fraction. When reduced to lowest terms the sum of the numerator and denominator of this fraction is:
以上都不是
none of these
9.
分式 在 、 和 的取值满足适当限制时:
The fraction is (with suitable restrictions on the values of and ):
不能约简
irreducible
可约简为
reducible to
可约简为一个三项式
reducible to a polynomial of three terms
可约简为
reducible to
可约简为
reducible to
小提示:
将每个二次式改写为平方差
Rewrite each quadratic expression as a difference of squares
大提示:
分子和分母有公因式
The numerator and denominator share a factor
解答:
因式分解得 在题述的适当限制下约去公因式,得到
因此,正确答案是 E。
Factoring gives Cancelling the common factor, under the stated suitable restrictions, leaves
Thus, the correct answer is E.
10.
给出以下六个陈述:
所有女性都是好驾驶员。
有些女性是好驾驶员。
没有男性是好驾驶员。
所有男性都是差驾驶员。
至少有一名男性是差驾驶员。
所有男性都是好驾驶员。
否定陈述 的陈述是:
Given the following six statements:
All women are good drivers.
Some women are good drivers.
No men are good drivers.
All men are bad drivers.
At least one man is a bad driver.
All men are good drivers.
The statement that negates statement is:
答案:E
小提示:
否定“所有”会得到一个存在性陈述
Negating “all” produces an existence statement
大提示:
否定原命题只需要有一名男性不是好驾驶员
The negation needs only one man who is not a good driver
解答:
“所有男性都是好驾驶员”的否定是“至少有一名男性不是好驾驶员”。按照选项中的说法,这就是陈述 :“至少有一名男性是差驾驶员。”
因此,正确答案是 E。
The negation of “All men are good drivers” is “At least one man is not a good driver.” In the terminology of the choices, that is statement “At least one man is a bad driver.”
Therefore, the correct answer is E.
11.
对于某个给定的 ,方程 的两根之积为 。这两个根可以描述为:
For a given value of the product of the roots of is The roots may be characterized as:
正整数
integral and positive
负整数
integral and negative
有理数,但不是整数
rational, but not integral
无理数
irrational
虚数
imaginary
小提示:
利用常数项确定 的可能取值
Use the constant term to determine the possible values of
大提示:
对 的每个取值,考察求根公式或判别式
For either value of examine the quadratic formula or discriminant
解答:
由韦达定理,,所以 。当 时,两根为 ;当 时,两根为 。无论哪种情况,两根都是无理数。
因此,正确答案是 D。
By Vieta’s formulas, so The roots are when and when In either case both roots are irrational.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
12.
在同一平面内,所有半径为给定值 ,且经过一个定点的圆,其圆心的轨迹是:
The locus of the centers of all circles of given radius in the same plane, passing through a fixed point, is:
一个点
a point
一条直线
a straight line
两条直线
two straight lines
一个圆
a circle
两个圆
two circles
小提示:
每个圆心到定点的距离都恰好等于一个半径
Every center must be exactly one radius from the fixed point
大提示:
确定与一个点保持固定正距离的所有点的轨迹
Identify the locus of points at a fixed positive distance from one point
解答:
半径为 的圆经过该定点,当且仅当其圆心到该点的距离为 。所有这些圆心的轨迹是一个半径为 的圆。
因此,正确答案是 D。
A circle of radius passes through the fixed point exactly when its center is distance from that point. The locus of all such centers is a circle of radius
Therefore, the correct answer is D.
13.
由 、 和 围成的多边形是:
The polygon(s) formed by and is (are):
等边三角形
an equilateral triangle
等腰三角形
an isosceles triangle
直角三角形
a right triangle
一个三角形和一个梯形
a triangle and a trapezoid
四边形
a quadrilateral
小提示:
求出三条直线两两相交所得的三个交点
Find the three pairwise intersections of the lines
大提示:
两条斜线关于 轴对称
The two slanted lines are mirror images across the -axis
解答:
两条斜线交于 ,而它们与 的交点分别为 和 。后两个点关于 轴对称,所以两条斜边等长。该图形是等腰三角形。
因此,正确答案是 B。
The slanted lines meet at while their intersections with are and The latter two points are symmetric about the -axis, so the two slanted sides have equal length. The figure is an isosceles triangle.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
14.
若 和 是实数,则方程 有唯一解 的条件是[符号 表示 不等于零]:
If and are real numbers, the equation has a unique solution [the symbol means that is different from zero]:
对所有 和
for all and
当 时
if
当 时
if
当 时
if
当 时
if
答案:E
小提示:
将含 的项移到等式同一边
Collect the -terms on one side
大提示:
当 的系数不为零时,一次方程有唯一解
A linear equation has a unique solution when the coefficient of is nonzero
解答:
整理得 当且仅当 ,即 时,该方程有唯一解。
因此,正确答案是 E。
Rearranging gives This has a unique solution exactly when or
Thus, the correct answer is E.
15.
三角形 I 是等边三角形,边长为 、周长为 、面积为 、外接圆半径为 。三角形 II 也是等边三角形,边长为 、周长为 、面积为 、外接圆半径为 。若 不同于 ,则:
Triangle I is equilateral with side perimeter area and circumradius (radius of the circumscribed circle). Triangle II is equilateral with side perimeter area and circumradius If is different from then:
仅在某些情况下成立
only sometimes
总是成立
always
仅在某些情况下成立
only sometimes
总是成立
always
仅在某些情况下成立
only sometimes
答案:B
小提示:
所有等边三角形都相似
All equilateral triangles are similar
大提示:
周长和外接圆半径都随边长成正比变化
Perimeter and circumradius both scale linearly with side length
解答:
对于等边三角形,,且 ; 和 的关系同理。因此 对任意这样的一对三角形都成立。
因此,正确答案是 B。
For equilateral triangles, and with analogous formulas for and Therefore for every such pair of triangles.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
16.
在以 为底的计数系统中,数数方式如下:、、、、、、、、、、。在十进位系统中表示为 的数,用 进制表示时,其数位是:
In the numeration system with base counting is as follows: The number whose description in the decimal system is when described in the base system, is a number with:
两个连续的数字
two consecutive digits
两个不连续的数字
two non-consecutive digits
三个连续的数字
three consecutive digits
三个不连续的数字
three non-consecutive digits
四个数字
four digits
17.
对某一群体,公式 给出了收入超过 美元的人数。收入最高的 人中,最低收入至少为多少美元?
The formula gives, for a certain group, the number of individuals whose income exceeds dollars. The lowest income, in dollars, of the wealthiest individuals is at least:
18.
方程组 和 :
The pair of equations and has:
没有公共解
no common solution
解为 、
the solution
解为 、
the solution
有由一正一负两个整数组成的公共解
a common solution in positive and negative integers
以上都不是
none of these
小提示:
在两个方程中都将 改写为
Rewrite as in both equations
大提示:
解所得的方程组,求出 和
Solve the resulting system for and
解答:
第一个方程给出 。第二个方程给出 所以 。因此 ,且 。这组解不在前四个选项中。
因此,正确答案是 E。
The first equation gives The second gives so Therefore and This pair is not listed among the first four choices.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
19.
考虑方程 I:,其中 、 和 为正整数;以及方程 II:,其中 、、 和 为正整数。则:
Consider equation I: where and are positive integers, and equation II: where and are positive integers. Then:
可由连续整数满足
can be solved in consecutive integers
可由连续偶数满足
can be solved in consecutive even integers
可由连续整数满足
can be solved in consecutive integers
可由连续偶数满足
can be solved in consecutive even integers
可由连续奇数满足
can be solved in consecutive odd integers
小提示:
分别写出三个和四个连续整数的和
Write the sums of three and four consecutive integers
大提示:
检查哪一种所需的平均数与 相容
Check which required average is compatible with
解答:
三个连续整数之和能被 整除,所以不可能是 。从 开始的四个连续整数之和为 。令 ,得 ,并且确实有
因此,正确答案是 C。
The sum of three consecutive integers is divisible by so it cannot be Four consecutive integers beginning with have sum Setting gives and indeed
Therefore, the correct answer is C.
20.
在 的展开式中, 的系数是:
The coefficient of in the expansion of is:
小提示:
在含有 个 因子的项中,确定 的指数
In a term using copies of determine the exponent of
大提示:
解 ,再计算相应的二项式系数
Solve and then compute that binomial coefficient
解答:
选用 个 因子的项,其指数为 要得到 ,需要 。其系数为
因此,正确答案是 D。
The term using factors of has exponent To obtain we need Its coefficient is
Thus, the correct answer is D.
21.
正方形 I 的对角线长为 。面积为正方形 I 两倍的正方形 II,其周长是:
The diagonal of square I is The perimeter of square II with twice the area of I is:
答案:E
小提示:
用正方形 I 的对角线表示其面积
Express the area of square I in terms of its diagonal
大提示:
正方形 II 的面积为 ,据此求出其边长
Square II’s area is so find its side length
解答:
对角线长为 的正方形,其面积为 。因此正方形 II 的面积为 ,所以它的边长为 ,周长为 。
因此,正确答案是 E。
A square with diagonal has area Square II therefore has area so its side is and its perimeter is
Thus, the correct answer is E.
22.
在等式 中, 和 是不相等的非零常数。若 满足该等式,则:
The equality where and are unequal non-zero constants, is satisfied by where:
,且 有唯一的非零值
has a unique non-zero value
,且 有两个非零值
has two non-zero values
,且 有唯一的非零值
has a unique non-zero value
,且 有两个非零值
has two non-zero values
和 各有唯一的非零值
and each have a unique non-zero value
23.
一个圆柱形盒子的半径 为 英寸,高 为 英寸。体积为 。将 增加 英寸与将 增加 英寸时,体积要增加同一个固定的正数。满足这一条件的是:
The radius of a cylindrical box is inches, the height is inches. The volume is to be increased by the same fixed positive amount when is increased by inches as when is increased by inches. This condition is satisfied by:
没有实数取值
no real value of
有一个整数取值
one integral value of
有一个有理数但非整数的取值
one rational, but not integral, value of
有一个无理数取值
one irrational value of
有两个实数取值
two real values of
小提示:
分别用半径 和高度 写出体积的增加量
Write the volume increase once with radius and once with height
大提示:
令两个增加量相等,并舍去非正数解
Equate the increases and discard the nonpositive solution
解答:
增加半径时,体积增加 而增加高度时,体积增加 。令两者相等,得 所以 或 。增加量必须为正,因此只剩一个有理数但非整数的取值。
因此,正确答案是 C。
Increasing the radius changes the volume by while increasing the height changes it by Equating these gives so or The increase must be positive, leaving one rational but nonintegral value.
Thus, the correct answer is C.
24.
若 ,其中 为实数,则 是:
If where is real, then is:
既不是完全平方数也不是完全立方数的整数
a non-square, non-cube integer
既不是完全平方数也不是完全立方数的非整数有理数
a non-square, non-cube, non-integral rational number
无理数
an irrational number
完全平方数
a perfect square
完全立方数
a perfect cube
小提示:
将对数方程化为
Convert the logarithmic equation to
大提示:
利用 看出一个实数解
Use to recognize a real solution
解答:
该方程等价于 由于 , 满足方程。为说明它是唯一允许的实数解,注意对数的底要求 且 ;当 时,;而当 时,函数 严格递增。因此 是一个既非完全平方数又非完全立方数的整数。
因此,正确答案是 A。
The equation is equivalent to Since satisfies the equation. To see it is the only admissible real solution, note that the base requires and on while for the function is strictly increasing. Thus a non-square, non-cube integer.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
25.
设 和 为任意两个奇数,且 小于 。能整除所有可能的 的最大整数是:
Let and be any two odd numbers, with less than The largest integer which divides all possible numbers of the form is:
小提示:
将 分解为两个偶数因子
Factor into two even factors
大提示:
与 中有一个能被 整除;再检验一组较小的数
Among and one is divisible by ; then test a small pair
解答:
有 两个因子都是偶数,其中一个能被 整除,所以每个这样的差都能被 整除。取 ,得到 ,这说明不存在总能整除它的更大整数。
因此,正确答案是 D。
We have Both factors are even, and one is divisible by so every such difference is divisible by Taking gives proving that no larger integer always divides it.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
26.
求满足下列不等式的所有 值: [符号 表示:若 为正,则取 ;若 为负,则取 ;若 为零,则取 。记号 表示 可以取 与 之间的任意值,但不包括 和 。]
Find the set of -values satisfying the inequality [The symbol means if is positive, if is negative, if is zero. The notation means that can have any value between and excluding and ]
x>11
27.
设多边形 的内角和为 ,且每个内角都是同一顶点处外角的 倍。则:
Let be the sum of the interior angles of a polygon for which each interior angle is times the exterior angle at the same vertex. Then:
,且 可能是正多边形
and may be regular
,且 不是正多边形
and is not regular
,且 是正多边形
and is regular
,且 不是正多边形
and is not regular
,且 可能是正多边形,也可能不是
and may or may not be regular
小提示:
一个内角与其对应外角之和为
An interior angle and its corresponding exterior angle sum to
大提示:
该条件确定了每个角,却没有限制各边长
The condition fixes every angle but says nothing about the side lengths
解答:
若一个外角为 ,则 所以 。由于外角和为 ,多边形有 个顶点,并且 它的所有角都相等,但各边不一定相等,所以它可能是正多边形,也可能不是。
因此,正确答案是 E。
If an exterior angle is then so Since the exterior angles total the polygon has vertices and All its angles are equal, but its sides need not be equal, so it may or may not be regular.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
28.
方程 的根的情况是:
The equation has:
有无穷多个整数根
infinitely many integral roots
无根
no root
有一个整数根
one integral root
有两个相等的整数根
two equal integral roots
有两个相等的非整数根
two equal non-integral roots
小提示:
在方程有定义之处,两边相同的分式项可以消去
The identical fractional terms cancel wherever the equation is defined
大提示:
检查所得的值是否属于原方程的定义域
Check whether the resulting value lies in the original domain
解答:
当 时,从两边减去相同的分式后只剩 。但 会使原式的分母为零,所以它不在定义域内。该方程无根。
因此,正确答案是 B。
For subtracting the identical fractions from both sides leaves But makes the original denominators zero, so it is not in the domain. The equation has no root.
Therefore, the correct answer is B.
29.
的钱的五倍加上 的钱多于 。 的钱的三倍减去 的钱等于 。若 表示 的钱(美元), 表示 的钱(美元),则:
Five times ’s money added to ’s money is more than Three times ’s money minus ’s money is If represents ’s money in dollars and represents ’s money in dollars, then:
a>9,b>6
a>9, b>6
a>9,
a>9,
a>9,
a>9,
a>9,但无法给 确定界限
a>9, but we can put no bounds on
30.
给定直线 ,考察该直线上到两坐标轴距离相等的点。这样的点存在于:
Given the line and a point on this line equidistant from the coordinate axes. Such a point exists in:
任何象限都没有
none of the quadrants
仅第 象限
quadrant only
仅第 、 象限
quadrants only
仅第 、、 象限
quadrants only
每个象限
each of the quadrants
小提示:
到两坐标轴距离相等的点满足
A point equidistant from the axes satisfies
大提示:
分别求给定直线与 和 的交点
Intersect the given line with both and
解答:
当 时,直线给出 ,所得点在第一象限。当 时,得到 ,所以 且 ,所得点在第二象限。没有其他可能。
因此,正确答案是 C。
For the line gives producing a point in quadrant I. For it gives so and producing a point in quadrant II. There are no other possibilities.
Therefore, the correct answer is C.
31.
要使 成为 的因式, 和 的值必须依次为:
For to be a factor of the values of and must be, respectively:
,
,
,
,
,
32.
在图中,圆心为 。, 是一条直线,,且 的长度是半径的两倍。则:
In this figure the center of the circle is is a straight line, and has a length twice the radius. Then:
以上都不是
none of these
小提示:
设半径为 ,用 和 表示
Let the radius be and write in terms of and
大提示:
联合使用切线关系 与
Use the tangent relation together with
解答:
设半径为 。因为 在 点处与圆相切,所以 令 。由于割线经过圆心,,而 。因此 另外,,且 。将上式整理为 因此 。
因此,正确答案是 A。
Let the radius be Since is tangent at Write Because the secant passes through the center, while Hence Also and The displayed equation rearranges to Therefore
Thus, the correct answer is A.
33.
给定一个含 项的数列;每一项都形如 ,其中 表示所有不超过 的质数的乘积 ,而 依次取值 、、、、。设该数列中质数的个数为 。则 是:
You are given a sequence of terms; each term has the form where stands for the product of all prime numbers less than or equal to and takes, successively, the values Let be the number of primes appearing in this sequence. Then is:
小提示:
从 到 的每个 都有一个不超过 的质因子
Every from through has a prime divisor at most
大提示:
同一个质因子同时整除 和
That same prime divisor divides both and
解答:
对给定范围内的每个 ,选择 的一个质因子 。由于 ,它是 的一个因子。因此 整除 。又因为 ,所以 是合数。没有一项是质数,故 。
因此,正确答案是 A。
For each in the given range, choose a prime divisor of Since it is one of the factors of Therefore divides Moreover so is composite. No term is prime, and
Thus, the correct answer is A.
34.
两名游泳者分别位于一个长 英尺的泳池两端,同时开始沿泳池长度方向游泳,一人的速度为每秒 英尺,另一人的速度为每秒 英尺。他们来回游了 分钟。假设转身不耗费时间,求他们相互经过的次数。
Two swimmers, at opposite ends of a -foot pool, start to swim the length of the pool, one at the rate of feet per second, the other at feet per second. They swim back and forth for minutes. Allowing no loss of time at the turns, find the number of times they pass each other.
小提示:
每当游泳者转身时,将泳池作镜像延拓,使两条路径都变成直线
Reflect the pool each time a swimmer turns so both paths become straight
大提示:
两人的位置变化共同以 秒为周期;检查一个完整周期,并计入端点处的位置重合
The joint position pattern repeats every seconds; inspect one full cycle, including endpoint coincidences
解答:
速度较快者的位置每 秒重复一次,速度较慢者的位置每 秒重复一次。因此,两人的位置变化共同以 秒为周期。在一个周期内,他们的位置在 秒时重合。原题答案采用的计数方式把 秒时两人在端点同时转身也计作一次相遇。因此每个周期计 次, 分钟内共有 个周期,得到 。
因此,正确答案是 C。
The faster swimmer’s position repeats every seconds, and the slower swimmer’s position repeats every seconds. Thus their joint position pattern repeats every seconds. During one such cycle, their positions coincide at seconds. The keyed interpretation counts the simultaneous turn at the endpoint when as one of these encounters. Thus there are counted encounters per cycle and cycles in minutes, giving
Therefore, the correct answer is C.
35.
从周长为 个单位的圆外一点 作圆的切线;又从 作一条割线,将圆分成长度分别为 和 的两段不等弧。已知切线长 是 与 的比例中项。若 和 都是整数,则 可能取值的个数为:
From point outside a circle, with a circumference of units, a tangent is drawn. Also from a secant is drawn dividing the circle into unequal arcs with lengths and It is found that the length of the tangent, is the mean proportional between and If and are integers, then may have the following number of values:
零个
zero
一个
one
两个
two
三个
three
无穷多个
infinitely many
小提示:
使用 和
Use and
大提示:
检验整数值 ,并排除两弧相等的情况
Test the integer values excluding equal arcs
解答:
弧长满足 ,而比例中项条件给出 当 取从 到 的整数时,不计对称重复,可能的乘积为 、、、 和 。最后一个来自相等的两弧 ,应排除。其余完全平方数给出 和 ,共两个值。
因此,正确答案是 C。
The arc lengths satisfy while the mean-proportional condition gives For integral from through the possible products, up to symmetry, are and The last comes from equal arcs and is excluded. The remaining squares give and two values.
Thus, the correct answer is C.
36.
在同一个首项为 、公差为 的等差数列中,设前 、、 项的和依次为 、、。令 。则 取决于:
Let be the respective sums of terms of the same arithmetic progression with as the first term and as the common difference. Let Then is dependent on:
和
and
和
and
和
and
、 和
and
不取决于 、 或 中的任何一个
neither nor nor
小提示:
使用
Use
大提示:
依次代入 ,分别合并含 和含 的项
Substitute and collect the -terms and -terms separately
解答:
使用等差数列求和公式,在 中, 的系数为 。化简其余各项,得到 因此 取决于 和 ,但不取决于 。
因此,正确答案是 B。
Using the arithmetic-series formula, In the coefficient of is Simplifying the remaining terms gives Thus depends on and but not on
Therefore, the correct answer is B.
37.
一个三角形的底长为 ,高为 。在该三角形内接一个高为 的矩形,且矩形的底边在三角形的底边上。该矩形的面积是:
The base of a triangle is of length and the altitude is of length A rectangle of height is inscribed in the triangle with the base of the rectangle in the base of the triangle. The area of the rectangle is:
小提示:
在高度 处,利用相似关系求出三角形的水平宽度
At height use similarity to find the horizontal width of the triangle
大提示:
可用宽度为 ;将其乘以矩形的高
The available width is ; multiply it by the rectangle’s height
解答:
由相似关系,高度 处平行于底边的截线长度为 将它乘以矩形的高 ,得到
因此,正确答案是 A。
The cross-section parallel to the base at height has width by similarity. Multiplying by the rectangle’s height gives
Thus, the correct answer is A.
38.
在图中, 和 是等腰三角形 的两条等长边,其中内接等边三角形 。记角 为 、角 为 、角 为 。则:
In this diagram and are the equal sides of an isosceles triangle in which is inscribed equilateral triangle Designate angle by angle by and angle by Then:
以上都不是
none of these
小提示:
设 的每个底角为
Let each base angle of be
大提示:
利用等边三角形的 角,比较 、 与 的方向
Compare the directions of and using the angles of the equilateral triangle
解答:
设 的每个底角为 。从 的方向量起,直线 的方向角为 ,所以由等边三角形条件, 的方向角为 。在 点处,同样,在 点追角可得 两式相加,得到 。
因此 ,正确答案是 D。
Let each base angle of be Measured from the direction the line has direction so the equilateral condition makes have direction At Similarly, angle chasing at gives Adding these equations yields
Therefore and the correct answer is D.
39.
要满足方程 和 必须:
To satisfy the equation and must be:
都是有理数
both rational
都是实数但不是有理数
both real but not rational
都不是实数
both not real
一个是实数,另一个不是实数
one real, one not real
一个是实数而另一个不是,或者两者都不是实数
one real, one not real or both not real
小提示:
注意分母必须非零,再令
Let after noting that the denominators must be nonzero
大提示:
所得二次方程 的判别式为负
The resulting quadratic has negative discriminant
解答:
由分母可知 且 。令 并交叉相乘,得到 即 。其判别式为 ,所以 不是实数。因此 和 不可能都是实数。根据为 选择的非零复数倍数,可以一个为实数而另一个为非实数,也可以两者都是非实数。
因此,正确答案是 E。
The denominators require and Setting and cross-multiplying gives or Its discriminant is so is not real. Therefore and cannot both be real. Depending on the nonzero complex scale chosen for one can be real and the other nonreal, or both can be nonreal.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
40.
给定直角三角形 ,两直角边为 、。求从 引向斜边的两条三等分角线中较短一条的长度:
Given right triangle with legs Find the length of the shorter angle trisector from to the hypotenuse:
小提示:
设 、、
Place
大提示:
两条三等分角射线与 分别成 和 ;分别求它们与 的交点
The two trisector rays make angles and with ; intersect each with
解答:
设 、、。斜边的方程为 。与水平边成 的三等分角射线为 。代入得 其长度为 ,即 与水平边成 的射线给出较长的三等分角线。
因此,正确答案是 A。
Place The hypotenuse has equation The trisector ray is Substitution gives Its length is hence The ray gives the longer trisector.
Thus, the correct answer is A.