1960 AMC 12 第 35 题

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35.

从周长为 1010 个单位的圆外一点 PP 作圆的切线;又从 PP 作一条割线,将圆分成长度分别为 mmnn 的两段不等弧。已知切线长 ttmmnn 的比例中项。若 mmtt 都是整数,则 tt 可能取值的个数为:

From point PP outside a circle, with a circumference of 1010 units, a tangent is drawn. Also from PP a secant is drawn dividing the circle into unequal arcs with lengths mm and n.n. It is found that t,t, the length of the tangent, is the mean proportional between mm and n.n. If mm and tt are integers, then tt may have the following number of values:

零个

zero

一个

one

两个

two

三个

three

无穷多个

infinitely many

答案:C
知识点:比与比例完全平方数
难度评级:1870
小提示:

使用 m+n=10m+n=10t2=mnt^2=mn

Use m+n=10m+n=10 and t2=mnt^2=mn

大提示:

检验整数值 m=1,2,,9m=1,2,\ldots,9,并排除两弧相等的情况

Test the integer values m=1,2,,9,m=1,2,\ldots,9, excluding equal arcs

解答:

弧长满足 m+n=10m+n=10,而比例中项条件给出 t2=mn=m(10m) t^2=mn=m(10-m)\text{。}mm 取从 1199 的整数时,不计对称重复,可能的乘积为 991616212124242525。最后一个来自相等的两弧 m=n=5m=n=5,应排除。其余完全平方数给出 t=3t=3t=4t=4,共两个值。

因此,正确答案是 C

The arc lengths satisfy m+n=10,m+n=10, while the mean-proportional condition gives t2=mn=m(10m). t^2=mn=m(10-m). For integral mm from 11 through 9,9, the possible products, up to symmetry, are 9,9, 16,16, 21,21, 24,24, and 25.25. The last comes from equal arcs m=n=5m=n=5 and is excluded. The remaining squares give t=3t=3 and t=4,t=4, two values.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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