2006 AIME II 第 3 题

先试着解答 2006 AIME II 第 3 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2006 AIME II 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

3.

PP 为前 100100 个正奇数的乘积。求最大的整数 kk,使得 PP 能被 3k3^k 整除。

Let PP be the product of the first 100100 positive odd integers. Find the largest integer kk such that PP is divisible by 3k.3^k.

答案:49
知识点:质因数分解整除性
难度评级:2150
小提示:

数一数 1,3,5,,1991, 3, 5, \ldots, 199 中有多少个能被 33 整除,再数能被 9927278181 整除的个数。

Count how many of 1,3,5,,1991, 3, 5, \ldots, 199 are divisible by 3,3, then by 9,9, by 27,27, and by 81.81.

大提示:

每一层可整除性都会给每个保留下来的项多贡献一个因子 33,所以 kk 是这四个计数之和。

Each divisibility layer adds one more factor of 33 per surviving term, so kk is the sum of the four counts.

解答:

P=135199P = 1 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cdots 199,所以 kk 是因子 33 的总个数,统计范围是不超过 199199 的奇数。33 的奇数倍为 31,33,,3653 \cdot 1, 3 \cdot 3, \ldots, 3 \cdot 65,共有 3333 个。99 的奇数倍为 91,,9219 \cdot 1, \ldots, 9 \cdot 21,共有 1111 个。2727 的奇数倍为 27,81,135,18927, 81, 135, 189,共有 44 个。8181 的奇数倍中,不超过 199199 的唯一一个是 8181 本身,而且没有 243243 的倍数。

每一层都贡献一个额外的因子 33,所以 k=33+11+4+1=49k = 33 + 11 + 4 + 1 = 49

P=135199,P = 1 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cdots 199, so kk is the total number of factors of 33 among the odd numbers up to 199.199. The odd multiples of 33 are 31,33,,365,3 \cdot 1, 3 \cdot 3, \ldots, 3 \cdot 65, and there are 3333 of them. The odd multiples of 99 are 91,,921:9 \cdot 1, \ldots, 9 \cdot 21: 1111 of them. The odd multiples of 2727 are 27,81,135,189:27, 81, 135, 189: 44 of them. The only odd multiple of 8181 at most 199199 is 8181 itself, and there are no multiples of 243.243.

Each layer contributes one additional factor of 3,3, so k=33+11+4+1=49.k = 33 + 11 + 4 + 1 = 49.

第 2 题#2
完整试卷

其他年份的第 3 题