1993 AIME 第 3 题

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3.

下表列出了去年夏天“霜冻瀑布钓鱼节”的部分比赛结果,显示对于不同的 nn,各有多少名参赛者钓到了 nn 条鱼。

nn 00 11 22 33 \ldots
钓到 nn 条鱼的
参赛者人数
99 55 77 2323 \ldots

nn 1313 1414 1515
钓到 nn 条鱼的
参赛者人数
55 22 11

报纸在报道本次活动时写道:

(a)冠军钓到了 1515 条鱼;
(b)钓到 33 条或更多鱼的人平均每人钓到 66 条;
(c)钓到 1212 条或更少鱼的人平均每人钓到 55 条。

钓鱼节期间一共钓到了多少条鱼?

The table below displays some of the results of last summer’s Frostbite Falls Fishing Festival, showing how many contestants caught nn fish for various values of n.n.

nn 00 11 22 33 \ldots
number of contestants
who caught nn fish
99 55 77 2323 \ldots

nn 1313 1414 1515
number of contestants
who caught nn fish
55 22 11

In the newspaper story covering the event, it was reported that

(a) the winner caught 1515 fish;
(b) those who caught 33 or more fish averaged 66 fish each;
(c) those who caught 1212 or fewer fish averaged 55 fish each.

What was the total number of fish caught during the festival?

答案:943
知识点:数据与图表解读方程组加权平均数
难度评级:2070
小提示:

NN 为参赛者总人数,TT 为鱼的总数

Let NN be the total number of contestants and TT the total number of fish

大提示:

使用两个平均数时,先分别减去钓到少于 33 条鱼和多于 1212 条鱼的已知群体

Use the two averages by first subtracting the known groups with fewer than 33 fish and with more than 1212 fish

解答:

共有 9+5+7=219+5+7=21 名参赛者钓到少于 33 条鱼,他们共钓到 5+14=195+14=19 条鱼。因此条件(b)给出 T19=6(N21)T-19=6(N-21),即 T=6N107T=6N-107。共有 5+2+1=85+2+1=8 名参赛者钓到多于 1212 条鱼,他们共钓到 65+28+15=10865+28+15=108 条鱼,因此条件(c)给出 T108=5(N8)T-108=5(N-8),即 T=5N+68T=5N+68。所以 N=175N=175,且 T=943T=943

The 9+5+7=219+5+7=21 contestants below 33 fish caught 5+14=195+14=19 fish. Thus condition (b) gives T19=6(N21),T-19=6(N-21), or T=6N107.T=6N-107. The 5+2+1=85+2+1=8 contestants above 1212 fish caught 65+28+15=10865+28+15=108 fish, so condition (c) gives T108=5(N8),T-108=5(N-8), or T=5N+68.T=5N+68. Hence N=175N=175 and T=943.T=943.

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