1984 AIME 第 3 题

先试着解答 1984 AIME 第 3 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1984 AIME 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

3.

选取一点 PP,它位于 ABC\triangle ABC 内部。过 PP 作分别平行于 ABC\triangle ABC 三边的直线,所得图中三个小三角形 t1t_1t2t_2t3t_3 的面积依次为 44994949。求 ABC\triangle ABC 的面积。

A point PP is chosen in the interior of ABC\triangle ABC so that when lines are drawn through PP parallel to the sides of ABC,\triangle ABC, the resulting smaller triangles, t1,t_1, t2,t_2, and t3t_3 in the figure, have areas 4,4, 9,9, and 49,49, respectively. Find the area of ABC.\triangle ABC.

答案:144
知识点:相似面积比
难度评级:2260
小提示:

三个小三角形都与 ABC\triangle ABC 相似

Each of the three smaller triangles is similar to ABC\triangle ABC

大提示:

将每个面积比转化为长度比,再把三个长度比相加

Convert each area ratio into a linear ratio and add the three linear ratios

解答:

ABC\triangle ABC 的面积为 KK。三个小三角形都与 ABC\triangle ABC 相似,因此相应的长度比分别为 2K,3K,7K \frac{2}{\sqrt K},\qquad \frac{3}{\sqrt K},\qquad \frac{7}{\sqrt K}\text{。}每个这样的相似比也等于 PP 到某一边的垂直距离除以该边上的高。这三个比正是重心坐标中的面积比 [PBC]K\frac{[PBC]}{K}[PCA]K\frac{[PCA]}{K}[PAB]K\frac{[PAB]}{K},其和为 11。因此 2+3+7K=1 \frac{2+3+7}{\sqrt K}=1\text{。}所以 K=12\sqrt K=12,且 K=144K=144

Let the area of ABC\triangle ABC be K.K. The three small triangles are similar to ABC,\triangle ABC, so their corresponding linear ratios are 2K,3K,7K. \frac{2}{\sqrt K},\qquad \frac{3}{\sqrt K},\qquad \frac{7}{\sqrt K}. Each such scale factor is also the perpendicular distance from PP to one side divided by the altitude to that side. These are the three barycentric area ratios [PBC]K,\frac{[PBC]}{K}, [PCA]K,\frac{[PCA]}{K}, and [PAB]K,\frac{[PAB]}{K}, which add to 1.1. Hence 2+3+7K=1. \frac{2+3+7}{\sqrt K}=1. Therefore K=12\sqrt K=12 and K=144.K=144.

← 第 2 题#2
完整试卷

其他年份的第 3 题