2026 AIME I 第 3 题

先试着解答 2026 AIME I 第 3 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2026 AIME I 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

3.

一个半径为 200200 的半球放在一个半径为 200200 的水平圆盘上,且半球与圆盘同心。令 T\mathcal{T} 为圆盘中所有点 PP 组成的区域,使得一个半径为 4242 的球可以放在圆盘上并在点 PP 处接触圆盘,同时完全位于半球内部。T\mathcal{T} 的面积除以圆盘面积为 pq\frac{p}{q},其中 ppqq 为互质正整数。求 p+qp + q

A hemisphere with radius 200200 sits on top of a horizontal circular disk with radius 200,200, and the hemisphere and disk have the same center. Let T\mathcal{T} be the region of points PP in the disk such that a sphere of radius 4242 can be placed on top of the disk at PP and lie completely inside the hemisphere. The area of T\mathcal{T} divided by the area of the disk is pq,\frac{p}{q}, where pp and qq are relatively prime positive integers. Find p+q.p + q.

答案:79
知识点:立体几何圆面积平方差
难度评级:2180
小提示:

小球半径为 4242,其球心位于 PP 正上方;它正好能放入半球内,当且仅当球心到公共球心的距离不超过 20042200 - 42

The small sphere’s center sits 4242 directly above P,P, and the sphere fits inside the hemisphere exactly when its center is within 20042200 - 42 of the common center

大提示:

dd 是圆盘中心到 PP 的距离,则条件是 d2+4221582d^2 + 42^2 \le 158^2,而 1582422158^2 - 42^2 可用平方差分解

With dd the distance from the center of the disk to P,P, the condition is d2+4221582,d^2 + 42^2 \le 158^2, and 1582422158^2 - 42^2 factors as a difference of squares

解答:

一个半径为 4242、球心位于 PP 正上方 4242 处的球,会在 PP 处接触圆盘。它完全位于半径为 200200 的半球内,当且仅当球心到公共中心的距离不超过 20042=158200 - 42 = 158。记公共中心为 OO。若 ddOOPP 的距离,则小球球心到中心的距离为 d2+422\sqrt{d^2 + 42^2},也就是它到 OO 的距离,所以条件为 d2+4221582d^2 + 42^2 \le 158^2

由平方差,d21582422d^2 \le 158^2 - 42^2 =116200= 116 \cdot 200 =23200= 23200。因此 T\mathcal{T} 是半径为 23200\sqrt{23200} 的圆盘,面积比为232002002=2320040000=2950\frac{23200}{200^2} = \frac{23200}{40000} = \frac{29}{50}\text{。}所以 p+q=29+50=79p + q = 29 + 50 = 79

A sphere of radius 4242 resting on the disk at PP has its center 4242 directly above P.P. It lies inside the hemisphere of radius 200200 exactly when its center is within 20042=158200 - 42 = 158 of the common center O.O. If dd is the distance from OO to P,P, the center of the sphere is at distance d2+422\sqrt{d^2 + 42^2} from O,O, so the condition is d2+4221582.d^2 + 42^2 \le 158^2.

By difference of squares, d21582422d^2 \le 158^2 - 42^2 =116200= 116 \cdot 200 =23200.= 23200. Thus T\mathcal{T} is a disk of radius 23200,\sqrt{23200}, and the ratio of areas is 232002002=2320040000=2950.\frac{23200}{200^2} = \frac{23200}{40000} = \frac{29}{50}. Therefore p+q=29+50=79.p + q = 29 + 50 = 79.

第 2 题#2
完整试卷

其他年份的第 3 题