2004 AIME II 第 7 题

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7.

ABCDABCD 是一张长方形纸片,折叠后使角 BB 与边 AD\overline{AD} 上的点 BB' 重合。折痕为 EF\overline{EF},其中 EEAB\overline{AB} 上,FFCD\overline{CD} 上。已知 AE=8AE = 8BE=17BE = 17CF=3CF = 3。长方形 ABCDABCD 的周长为 mn\frac{m}{n},其中 mmnn 是互质正整数。求 m+nm + n

ABCDABCD is a rectangular sheet of paper that has been folded so that corner BB is matched with point BB' on edge AD.\overline{AD}. The crease is EF,\overline{EF}, where EE is on AB\overline{AB} and FF is on CD.\overline{CD}. The dimensions AE=8,AE = 8, BE=17,BE = 17, and CF=3CF = 3 are given. The perimeter of rectangle ABCDABCD is mn,\frac{m}{n}, where mm and nn are relatively prime positive integers. Find m+n.m + n.

答案:293
知识点:折纸勾股定理坐标几何
难度评级:2650
解答:

折叠把 BB 关于折痕反射到 BB',所以 BE=BE=17B'E = BE = 17。在直角三角形 AEBAEB' 中, AB=17282=15AB' = \sqrt{17^2 - 8^2} = 15,且 AB=AE+EB=25AB = AE + EB = 25。取 A=(0,0)A = (0, 0)B=(25,0)B = (25, 0)B=(0,15)B' = (0, 15)

折痕上的点到 BBBB' 等距,所以 EF\overline{EF} 垂直于 BB\overline{BB'}。由于 BBBB' 的斜率为 35-\frac{3}{5},过 E=(8,0)E = (8, 0) 的折痕斜率为 53\frac{5}{3},它与直线 CDCD(高度 h=BCh = BC)相交处的横坐标为 x=8+3h5x = 8 + \frac{3h}{5}。条件 CF=3CF = 3 给出 25(8+3h5)=3,25 - \left(8 + \frac{3h}{5}\right) = 3, 所以 h=703.h = \frac{70}{3}.

周长为 2(25+703)=29032\left(25 + \frac{70}{3}\right) = \frac{290}{3},所以 m+n=290+3=293m + n = 290 + 3 = 293

Folding reflects BB to BB' across the crease, so BE=BE=17.B'E = BE = 17. In right triangle AEB,AEB', AB=17282=15,AB' = \sqrt{17^2 - 8^2} = 15, and AB=AE+EB=25.AB = AE + EB = 25. Place A=(0,0),A = (0, 0), B=(25,0),B = (25, 0), B=(0,15).B' = (0, 15).

Points on the crease are equidistant from BB and B,B', so EF\overline{EF} is perpendicular to BB.\overline{BB'}. Since BBBB' has slope 35,-\frac{3}{5}, the crease through E=(8,0)E = (8, 0) has slope 53,\frac{5}{3}, and it meets the line CDCD (at height h=BCh = BC) at x=8+3h5.x = 8 + \frac{3h}{5}. The condition CF=3CF = 3 gives 25(8+3h5)=3,25 - \left(8 + \frac{3h}{5}\right) = 3, so h=703.h = \frac{70}{3}.

The perimeter is 2(25+703)=2903,2\left(25 + \frac{70}{3}\right) = \frac{290}{3}, so m+n=290+3=293.m + n = 290 + 3 = 293.

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