1998 AIME Problem 7

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 7 of the 1998 AIME, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1998 AIME solutions, or check the answer key.

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Concepts:stars and barssubstitutionparity

Difficulty rating: 2010

7.

Let nn be the number of ordered quadruples (x1,x2,x3,x4)(x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4) of positive odd integers that satisfy x1+x2+x3+x4=98.x_1 + x_2 + x_3 + x_4 = 98. Find n100.\frac{n}{100}.

Solution:

Write xi=2yi1x_i = 2y_i - 1 where each yiy_i is a positive integer. Then x1+x2+x3+x4=98x_1 + x_2 + x_3 + x_4 = 98 becomes 2(y1+y2+y3+y4)4=98,2(y_1 + y_2 + y_3 + y_4) - 4 = 98, so y1+y2+y3+y4=51.y_1 + y_2 + y_3 + y_4 = 51.

By stars and bars, the number of solutions in positive integers is (503)=19600.\binom{50}{3} = 19600. Therefore n100=196.\frac{n}{100} = 196.

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