2004 AIME II 第 7 题

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7.

ABCDABCD 是一张长方形纸片,折叠后使角 BB 与点 B′B' 重合,而该点位于边 AD‾\overline{AD} 上。折痕为 EF‾\overline{EF},其中 EE 在 AB‾\overline{AB} 上,FF 在 CD‾\overline{CD} 上。已知 AE=8AE = 8、BE=17BE = 17、CF=3CF = 3。长方形 ABCDABCD 的周长为 mn\frac{m}{n},其中 mm 和 nn 是互质正整数。求 m+nm + n。

ABCDABCD is a rectangular sheet of paper that has been folded so that corner BB is matched with point B′B' on edge AD‾.\overline{AD}. The crease is EF‾,\overline{EF}, where EE is on AB‾\overline{AB} and FF is on CD‾.\overline{CD}. The dimensions AE=8,AE = 8, BE=17,BE = 17, and CF=3CF = 3 are given. The perimeter of rectangle ABCDABCD is mn,\frac{m}{n}, where mm and nn are relatively prime positive integers. Find m+n.m + n.

答案:293
知识点:折纸勾股定理坐标几何
难度评级:2650
小提示:

折叠保持距离,所以 B′E=BE=17B'E = BE = 17;直角三角形 AEB′AEB' 给出 AB′=15AB' = 15,且 AB=25AB = 25。

Folding preserves distances, so B′E=BE=17;B'E = BE = 17; right triangle AEB′AEB' gives AB′=15AB' = 15 and AB=25AB = 25

大提示:

折痕上的每个点到 BB 和 B′B' 的距离相等,所以 EF‾⊥BB′‾\overline{EF} \perp \overline{BB'};用 EFEF 的斜率确定 FF 在 CD‾\overline{CD} 上的位置。

Every point of the crease is equidistant from BB and B′,B', so EF‾⊥BB′‾;\overline{EF} \perp \overline{BB'}; use the slope of EFEF to locate FF on CD‾\overline{CD}

解答:

折叠把 BB 关于折痕反射到 B′B',所以 B′E=BE=17B'E = BE = 17。在直角三角形 AEB′AEB' 中,AB′=172−82=15AB' = \sqrt{17^2 - 8^2} = 15,且 AB=AE+EB=25AB = AE + EB = 25。取 A=(0,0)A = (0, 0)、B=(25,0)B = (25, 0)、B′=(0,15)B' = (0, 15)。

折痕上的点到 BB 和 B′B' 等距,所以 EF‾\overline{EF} 垂直于 BB′‾\overline{BB'}。由于 BB′BB' 的斜率为 −35-\frac{3}{5},过 E=(8,0)E = (8, 0) 的折痕斜率为 53\frac{5}{3},它与直线 CDCD(高度 h=BCh = BC)相交处的横坐标为 x=8+3h5x = 8 + \frac{3h}{5}。条件 CF=3CF = 3 给出 25−(8+3h5)=3,25 - \left(8 + \frac{3h}{5}\right) = 3\text{,}所以 h=703。h = \frac{70}{3}\text{。}

周长为 2(25+703)=29032\left(25 + \frac{70}{3}\right) = \frac{290}{3},所以 m+n=290+3=293m + n = 290 + 3 = 293。

Folding reflects BB to B′B' across the crease, so B′E=BE=17.B'E = BE = 17. In right triangle AEB′,AEB', AB′=172−82=15,AB' = \sqrt{17^2 - 8^2} = 15, and AB=AE+EB=25.AB = AE + EB = 25. Place A=(0,0),A = (0, 0), B=(25,0),B = (25, 0), B′=(0,15).B' = (0, 15).

Points on the crease are equidistant from BB and B′,B', so EF‾\overline{EF} is perpendicular to BB′‾.\overline{BB'}. Since BB′BB' has slope −35,-\frac{3}{5}, the crease through E=(8,0)E = (8, 0) has slope 53,\frac{5}{3}, and it meets the line CDCD (at height h=BCh = BC) at x=8+3h5.x = 8 + \frac{3h}{5}. The condition CF=3CF = 3 gives 25−(8+3h5)=3,25 - \left(8 + \frac{3h}{5}\right) = 3, so h=703.h = \frac{70}{3}.

The perimeter is 2(25+703)=2903,2\left(25 + \frac{70}{3}\right) = \frac{290}{3}, so m+n=290+3=293.m + n = 290 + 3 = 293.

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