2004 AIME II 第 13 题

先试着解答 2004 AIME II 第 13 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2004 AIME II 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

13.

ABCDEABCDE 是一个凸五边形,且 ABCE\overline{AB} \parallel \overline{CE}BCAD\overline{BC} \parallel \overline{AD}ACDE\overline{AC} \parallel \overline{DE}ABC=120\angle ABC = 120^\circAB=3AB = 3BC=5BC = 5DE=15DE = 15。已知三角形 ABCABC 的面积与三角形 EBDEBD 的面积之比为 mn\frac{m}{n},其中 mmnn 是互质正整数。求 m+nm + n

Let ABCDEABCDE be a convex pentagon with ABCE,\overline{AB} \parallel \overline{CE}, BCAD,\overline{BC} \parallel \overline{AD}, ACDE,\overline{AC} \parallel \overline{DE}, ABC=120,\angle ABC = 120^\circ, AB=3,AB = 3, BC=5,BC = 5, and DE=15.DE = 15. Given that the ratio between the area of triangle ABCABC and the area of triangle EBDEBD is mn,\frac{m}{n}, where mm and nn are relatively prime positive integers, find m+n.m + n.

答案:484
知识点:相似平行四边形余弦定理面积比
难度评级:3160
解答:

由余弦定理,AC2=32+52235cos120AC^2 = 3^2 + 5^2 - 2 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cos 120^\circ =49= 49,所以 AC=7AC = 7。令 FFAD\overline{AD}CE\overline{CE} 的交点。因为 AFBCAF \parallel BCCFABCF \parallel AB,四边形 ABCFABCF 是平行四边形,所以 FFBB 到直线 ACAC 的距离相等且分居两侧。设该距离为 hh,则 [ABC]=127h[ABC] = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 7h

因为 ACDE\overline{AC} \parallel \overline{DE},三角形 FACFACFDEFDE 相似,比例为 AC:DE=7:15AC : DE = 7 : 15,所以 FF 到直线 DEDE 的距离为 15h7\frac{15h}{7},且 DEDEFF 远离 ACAC 的一侧。因此 BB 到直线 DEDE 的距离为 h+h+15h7=29h7h + h + \frac{15h}{7} = \frac{29h}{7},从而 [EBD]=121529h7=435h14.[EBD] = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 15 \cdot \frac{29h}{7} = \frac{435h}{14}.

因此 [ABC][EBD]=7h/2435h/14=49435\frac{[ABC]}{[EBD]} = \frac{7h/2}{435h/14} = \frac{49}{435}。由于 435=3529435 = 3 \cdot 5 \cdot 29,该分数已最简,答案为 m+n=49+435=484m + n = 49 + 435 = 484

By the law of cosines, AC2=32+52235cos120AC^2 = 3^2 + 5^2 - 2 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cos 120^\circ =49,= 49, so AC=7.AC = 7. Let FF be the intersection of AD\overline{AD} and CE.\overline{CE}. Since AFBCAF \parallel BC and CFAB,CF \parallel AB, quadrilateral ABCFABCF is a parallelogram, so FF lies at the same distance hh from line ACAC as B,B, on the opposite side, where [ABC]=127h.[ABC] = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 7h.

Since ACDE,\overline{AC} \parallel \overline{DE}, triangles FACFAC and FDEFDE are similar with ratio AC:DE=7:15,AC : DE = 7 : 15, so the distance from FF to line DEDE is 15h7,\frac{15h}{7}, with DEDE on the far side of FF from AC.AC. The distance from BB to line DEDE is therefore h+h+15h7=29h7,h + h + \frac{15h}{7} = \frac{29h}{7}, giving [EBD]=121529h7=435h14.[EBD] = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 15 \cdot \frac{29h}{7} = \frac{435h}{14}.

Thus [ABC][EBD]=7h/2435h/14=49435,\frac{[ABC]}{[EBD]} = \frac{7h/2}{435h/14} = \frac{49}{435}, which is in lowest terms since 435=3529.435 = 3 \cdot 5 \cdot 29. The answer is m+n=49+435=484.m + n = 49 + 435 = 484.

← 第 12 题#12
完整试卷

其他年份的第 13 题