2003 AIME I 第 7 题

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7.

BBAC\overline{AC} 上,且 AB=9AB = 9BC=21BC = 21。点 DD 不在 AC\overline{AC} 上,并满足 AD=CDAD = CD,且 ADADBDBD 都是整数。设 ssACD\triangle ACD 所有可能周长之和。求 ss

Point BB is on AC\overline{AC} with AB=9AB = 9 and BC=21.BC = 21. Point DD is not on AC\overline{AC} so that AD=CD,AD = CD, and ADAD and BDBD are integers. Let ss be the sum of all possible perimeters of ACD.\triangle ACD. Find s.s.

答案:380
知识点:平方差勾股定理丢番图方程
难度评级:2270
解答:

AD=CD=aAD = CD = aBD=bBD = b,并设 EE 是从 DDAC\overline{AC} 的垂足。因为 AD=CDAD = CD,点 EEAC\overline{AC} 的中点,所以 AE=15AE = 15BE=159=6BE = 15 - 9 = 6。直角三角形 DEADEADEBDEB 共有边 DEDE,因此 即 a2152=DE2=b262,a^2 - 15^2 = DE^2 = b^2 - 6^2, (a+b)(ab)=189.(a+b)(a-b) = 189.

分解 189=1891189 = 189 \cdot 1 =633= 63 \cdot 3 =277=219= 27 \cdot 7 = 21 \cdot 9,得到 (a,b)=(95,94)(a, b) = (95, 94)(33,30)(33, 30)(17,10)(17, 10), 和 (15,6)(15, 6)。最后一组舍去: b=6b = 6 会使 DD 落在 AC\overline{AC} 上。每个有效的数对给出周长 2a+302a + 30

因此 s=(190+30)s = (190 + 30) +(66+30)+ (66 + 30) +(34+30)+ (34 + 30) =220+96+64= 220 + 96 + 64 =380= 380

Let AD=CD=aAD = CD = a and BD=b,BD = b, and let EE be the foot of the perpendicular from DD to AC.\overline{AC}. Since AD=CD,AD = CD, point EE is the midpoint of AC,\overline{AC}, so AE=15AE = 15 and BE=159=6.BE = 15 - 9 = 6. The right triangles DEADEA and DEBDEB share leg DE,DE, so a2152=DE2=b262,a^2 - 15^2 = DE^2 = b^2 - 6^2, that is (a+b)(ab)=189.(a+b)(a-b) = 189.

The factorizations 189=1891189 = 189 \cdot 1 =633= 63 \cdot 3 =277=219= 27 \cdot 7 = 21 \cdot 9 give (a,b)=(95,94),(a, b) = (95, 94), (33,30),(33, 30), (17,10),(17, 10), and (15,6).(15, 6). The last is rejected: b=6b = 6 would put DD on AC.\overline{AC}. Each valid pair gives a triangle with perimeter 2a+30.2a + 30.

Therefore s=(190+30)s = (190 + 30) +(66+30)+ (66 + 30) +(34+30)+ (34 + 30) =220+96+64= 220 + 96 + 64 =380.= 380.

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