2018 AIME II 第 2 题

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2.

a0=2a_0 = 2a1=5a_1 = 5a2=8a_2 = 8,对 n>2n \gt 2,递归定义 ana_n4(an1+an2+an3)4(a_{n-1} + a_{n-2} + a_{n-3}) 除以 1111 的余数。求 a2018a2020a2022a_{2018} \cdot a_{2020} \cdot a_{2022}

Let a0=2,a_0 = 2, a1=5,a_1 = 5, and a2=8,a_2 = 8, and for n>2n \gt 2 define ana_n recursively to be the remainder when 4(an1+an2+an3)4(a_{n-1} + a_{n-2} + a_{n-3}) is divided by 11.11. Find a2018a2020a2022.a_{2018} \cdot a_{2020} \cdot a_{2022}.

答案:112
知识点:递推模运算找规律
难度评级:1970
解答:

逐项计算得 2, 5, 8, 5, 6, 10, 7, 4, 7, 6, 2, 5, 8,  \begin{gathered} 2,\ 5,\ 8,\ 5,\ 6,\ 10,\ 7,\ 4,\ 7,\ 6,\ \\ 2,\ 5,\ 8,\ \ldots \end{gathered} 因为 (a10,a11,a12)(a_{10}, a_{11}, a_{12}) =(2,5,8)= (2, 5, 8) =(a0,a1,a2)= (a_0, a_1, a_2),且每一项只由前三项决定, 所以数列以 1010 为周期。

因此 a2018=a8=7a_{2018} = a_8 = 7a2020=a0=2a_{2020} = a_0 = 2a2022=a2=8a_{2022} = a_2 = 8,乘积为 728=1127 \cdot 2 \cdot 8 = 112

Computing successive terms gives 2, 5, 8, 5, 6, 10, 7, 4, 7, 6, 2, 5, 8,  \begin{gathered} 2,\ 5,\ 8,\ 5,\ 6,\ 10,\ 7,\ 4,\ 7,\ 6,\ \\ 2,\ 5,\ 8,\ \ldots \end{gathered} Since (a10,a11,a12)(a_{10}, a_{11}, a_{12}) =(2,5,8)= (2, 5, 8) =(a0,a1,a2)= (a_0, a_1, a_2) and each term depends only on the previous three, the sequence is periodic with period 10.10.

Therefore a2018=a8=7,a_{2018} = a_8 = 7, a2020=a0=2,a_{2020} = a_0 = 2, and a2022=a2=8,a_{2022} = a_2 = 8, so the product is 728=112.7 \cdot 2 \cdot 8 = 112.

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