1986 AIME 第 5 题

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5.

使 n3+100n^3+100 能被 n+10n+10 整除的最大正整数 nn 是多少?

What is the largest positive integer nn for which n3+100n^3+100 is divisible by n+10?n+10?

答案:890
知识点:整除性模运算多项式
难度评级:1840
小提示:

n3+100n^3+100n+10n+10 化简

Reduce n3+100n^3+100 modulo n+10n+10

大提示:

该条件使 n+10n+10 成为某个固定整数的正因数

The condition makes n+10n+10 a positive divisor of a fixed integer

解答:

n+10n+10,有 n10n\equiv-10。因此 n3+100(10)3+100900(modn+10) \begin{gathered} n^3+100 \equiv(-10)^3+100\\ \equiv-900\pmod{n+10} \end{gathered}\text{。}所以该条件等价于 900900 能被 n+10n+10 整除。由于 nn 为正整数,n+10n+10900900 的正因数,其最大可能值为 900900。因而 n=90010=890n=900-10=890

Modulo n+10,n+10, we have n10.n\equiv-10. Thus n3+100(10)3+100900(modn+10). \begin{gathered} n^3+100 \equiv(-10)^3+100\\ \equiv-900\pmod{n+10}. \end{gathered} The condition is therefore equivalent to 900900 being divisible by n+10.n+10. Since nn is positive, n+10n+10 is a positive divisor of 900,900, and its largest possible value is 900.900. This gives n=90010=890.n=900-10=890.

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