1995 AIME 第 5 题

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5.

对于某些实数 aabbccdd,方程 x4+ax3+bx2+cx+d=0x^4+ax^3+bx^2+cx+d=0 有四个非实根。其中两个根的乘积为 13+i13+i,另外两个根的和为 3+4i3+4i,这里 i=1i=\sqrt{-1}。求 bb

For certain real values of a,a, b,b, c,c, and d,d, the equation x4+ax3+bx2+cx+d=0x^4+ax^3+bx^2+cx+d=0 has four non-real roots. The product of two of these roots is 13+i13+i and the sum of the other two roots is 3+4i,3+4i, where i=1.i=\sqrt{-1}. Find b.b.

答案:51
知识点:复数韦达定理多项式
难度评级:2110
小提示:

由于多项式的系数为实数,它的非实根成共轭对出现

Because the polynomial has real coefficients, its non-real roots occur in conjugate pairs

大提示:

将六个根的两两乘积分成两组内部的乘积和四个交叉乘积

Group the six pairwise products into the products within the two groups and the four cross-products

解答:

设前两个根为 α\alphaβ\beta。由于 αβ=13+i\alpha\beta=13+i 不是实数,它们不是一对共轭根,所以另外两个根为 α\overline\alphaβ\overline\beta。因此 α+β=34i\alpha+\beta=3-4i,且 αβ=13i\overline\alpha\,\overline\beta=13-i。由韦达定理,b=αβ+αβ+(34i)(3+4i)=26+25=51\begin{aligned}b&=\alpha\beta+\overline\alpha\,\overline\beta\\&\quad+(3-4i)(3+4i)\\&=26+25=51\end{aligned}\text{。}

Let the first two roots be α\alpha and β.\beta. Since αβ=13+i\alpha\beta=13+i is not real, they are not conjugates, so the other roots are α\overline\alpha and β.\overline\beta. Hence α+β=34i\alpha+\beta=3-4i and αβ=13i.\overline\alpha\,\overline\beta=13-i. By Vieta’s formulas, b=αβ+αβ+(34i)(3+4i)=26+25=51.\begin{aligned}b&=\alpha\beta+\overline\alpha\,\overline\beta\\&\quad+(3-4i)(3+4i)\\&=26+25=51.\end{aligned}

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