2021 AIME I 第 2 题

先试着解答 2021 AIME I 第 2 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2021 AIME I 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

2.

在下图中,ABCDABCD 是一个边长 AB=3AB = 3BC=11BC = 11 的矩形,AECFAECF 是一个边长 AF=7AF = 7FC=9FC = 9 的矩形,如图所示。两个矩形内部公共阴影区域的面积为 mn\frac{m}{n},其中 mmnn 是互质正整数。求 m+nm + n

In the diagram below, ABCDABCD is a rectangle with side lengths AB=3AB = 3 and BC=11,BC = 11, and AECFAECF is a rectangle with side lengths AF=7AF = 7 and FC=9,FC = 9, as shown. The area of the shaded region common to the interiors of both rectangles is mn,\frac{m}{n}, where mm and nn are relatively prime positive integers. Find m+n.m + n.

答案:109
知识点:坐标几何矩形平行四边形
难度评级:2350
解答:

B=(0,0)B = (0, 0)C=(11,0)C = (11, 0)A=(0,3)A = (0, 3)D=(11,3)D = (11, 3)。由 AF=7AF = 7CF=9CF = 9 解得(这与 AC2=112+32=130AC^2 = 11^2 + 3^2 = 130 =72+92= 7^2 + 9^2 一致) F=(285,365)F = \left(\frac{28}{5}, \frac{36}{5}\right),由于矩形 AECFAECF 的对角线互相平分, E=A+CF=(275,215)E = A + C - F = \left(\frac{27}{5}, -\frac{21}{5}\right)

AEAEFCFC 的方向为 (3,4)(3, -4),分别位于直线 4x+3y=94x + 3y = 94x+3y=444x + 3y = 44 上;边 AFAFECEC 分别位于直线 3x4y=123x - 4y = -123x4y=333x - 4y = 33 上。矩形 ABCDABCD 中每个点都满足 123x4y33-12 \le 3x - 4y \le 33,所以公共区域就是带状区域 0y30 \le y \le 3 中夹在直线 4x+3y=94x + 3y = 94x+3y=444x + 3y = 44 之间的部分:一个顶点为 A=(0,3)A = (0, 3)(94,0)\left(\frac{9}{4}, 0\right)C=(11,0)C = (11, 0)(354,3)\left(\frac{35}{4}, 3\right) 的平行四边形。

它的水平边长为 1194=35411 - \frac{9}{4} = \frac{35}{4},两条水平边之间的高为 33, 所以面积为 3543=1054\frac{35}{4} \cdot 3 = \frac{105}{4},从而 m+n=105+4=109m + n = 105 + 4 = 109

Place B=(0,0),B = (0, 0), C=(11,0),C = (11, 0), A=(0,3),A = (0, 3), D=(11,3).D = (11, 3). Solving AF=7AF = 7 and CF=9CF = 9 (consistent since AC2=112+32=130AC^2 = 11^2 + 3^2 = 130 =72+92= 7^2 + 9^2) gives F=(285,365),F = \left(\frac{28}{5}, \frac{36}{5}\right), and since the diagonals of rectangle AECFAECF bisect each other, E=A+CF=(275,215).E = A + C - F = \left(\frac{27}{5}, -\frac{21}{5}\right).

Sides AEAE and FCFC have direction (3,4),(3, -4), lying on the lines 4x+3y=94x + 3y = 9 and 4x+3y=44;4x + 3y = 44; sides AFAF and ECEC lie on 3x4y=123x - 4y = -12 and 3x4y=33.3x - 4y = 33. Every point of ABCDABCD satisfies 123x4y33,-12 \le 3x - 4y \le 33, so the common region is just the part of the strip 0y30 \le y \le 3 between the lines 4x+3y=94x + 3y = 9 and 4x+3y=44:4x + 3y = 44: a parallelogram with vertices A=(0,3),A = (0, 3), (94,0),\left(\frac{9}{4}, 0\right), C=(11,0),C = (11, 0), and (354,3).\left(\frac{35}{4}, 3\right).

Its horizontal sides have length 1194=35411 - \frac{9}{4} = \frac{35}{4} and the height between them is 3,3, so the area is 3543=1054,\frac{35}{4} \cdot 3 = \frac{105}{4}, and m+n=105+4=109.m + n = 105 + 4 = 109.

← 第 1 题#1
完整试卷

其他年份的第 2 题