2020 AIME I 第 4 题

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4.

SS 为满足如下性质的正整数 NN 的集合:NN 的最后四位数字是 20202020,且去掉最后四位后 所得的数是 NN 的一个因数。例如,42,02042{,}020 属于 SS,因为 4442,02042{,}020 的因数。 求 SS 中所有数的所有数字之和。例如,数 42,02042{,}020 对这个总和的贡献为 4+2+0+2+0=84 + 2 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 8

Let SS be the set of positive integers NN with the property that the last four digits of NN are 2020,2020, and when the last four digits are removed, the result is a divisor of N.N. For example, 42,02042{,}020 is in SS because 44 is a divisor of 42,020.42{,}020. Find the sum of all the digits of all the numbers in S.S. For example, the number 42,02042{,}020 contributes 4+2+0+2+0=84 + 2 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 8 to this total.

答案:93
知识点:整除性因数数字
难度评级:2230
解答:

若去掉最后四位后留下 k1k \ge 1,则 N=10000k+2020N = 10000k + 2020,条件 kNk \mid N 等价于 k2020k \mid 2020。由于 2020=2251012020 = 2^2 \cdot 5 \cdot 101,共有 1212kk: 的选择: 11224455101020201011012022024044045055051010101020202020

SS 中每个数的数字和等于 kk 的数字和加上 2+0+2+0=42 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 4。这十二个因数的数字和分别为 1,2,4,5,1,2,2,4,8,10,2,41, 2, 4, 5, 1, 2, 2, 4, 8, 10, 2, 4,总和为 4545

答案是 45+124=9345 + 12 \cdot 4 = 93

If removing the last four digits leaves k1,k \ge 1, then N=10000k+2020,N = 10000k + 2020, and the condition kNk \mid N is equivalent to k2020.k \mid 2020. Since 2020=225101,2020 = 2^2 \cdot 5 \cdot 101, there are 1212 choices of k:k: 1,1, 2,2, 4,4, 5,5, 10,10, 20,20, 101,101, 202,202, 404,404, 505,505, 1010,1010, 2020.2020.

Each member of SS has digit sum equal to the digit sum of kk plus 2+0+2+0=4.2 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 4. The digit sums of the twelve divisors are 1,2,4,5,1,2,2,4,8,10,2,4,1, 2, 4, 5, 1, 2, 2, 4, 8, 10, 2, 4, totaling 45.45.

The answer is 45+124=93.45 + 12 \cdot 4 = 93.

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