2012 AIME II 第 15 题

先试着解答 2012 AIME II 第 15 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2012 AIME II 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

15.

三角形 ABCABC 内接于圆 ω\omega,其中 AB=5AB = 5BC=7BC = 7,且 AC=3AC = 3。角 AA 的角平分线与边 BC\overline{BC} 交于 DD,并与圆 ω\omega 再次交于点 EE。令 γ\gamma 为以 DE\overline{DE} 为直径的圆。圆 ω\omegaγ\gamma 交于 EE 以及另一个点 FF。于是 AF2=mnAF^2 = \frac{m}{n},其中 mmnn 是互质的正整数。求 m+nm + n

Triangle ABCABC is inscribed in circle ω\omega with AB=5,AB = 5, BC=7,BC = 7, and AC=3.AC = 3. The bisector of angle AA meets side BC\overline{BC} at DD and circle ω\omega at a second point E.E. Let γ\gamma be the circle with diameter DE.\overline{DE}. Circles ω\omega and γ\gamma meet at EE and a second point F.F. Then AF2=mn,AF^2 = \frac{m}{n}, where mm and nn are relatively prime positive integers. Find m+n.m + n.

答案:919
知识点:圆周角角平分线坐标几何
难度评级:3500
解答:

EE' 为圆 ω\omega 上与 EE 关于圆心对称的点。因为 DE\overline{DE}γ\gamma 的直径,所以 DFE=90\angle DFE = 90^\circ;又因为 EE\overline{EE'}ω\omega 的直径,也有 EFE=90\angle E'FE = 90^\circ。于是 FDFDFEFE' 都垂直于 FEFE,所以 DD 位于直线 EFE'F 上:点 FF 是直线 EDE'Dω\omega 的第二个交点。

B=(0,0)B = (0, 0)C=(7,0)C = (7, 0);则 A=(6514,15314)A = \left(\frac{65}{14}, \frac{15\sqrt{3}}{14}\right)。角平分线给出 BDDC=ABAC=53\frac{BD}{DC} = \frac{AB}{AC} = \frac{5}{3},所以 D=(358,0)D = \left(\frac{35}{8}, 0\right)。由于 EE 是不含 AA 的弧 BCBC 的中点,EEEE' 都在过圆心 O=(72,736)O = \left(\frac{7}{2}, -\frac{7\sqrt{3}}{6}\right) 的竖直直线 x=72x = \frac{7}{2} 上,且该圆心满足 OB=OA|OB| = |OA|,其中 R2=493R^2 = \frac{49}{3}。因此 E=(72,732)E = \left(\frac{7}{2}, -\frac{7\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)E=(72,736)E' = \left(\frac{7}{2}, \frac{7\sqrt{3}}{6}\right)

EE'DD 的方向与 (3,43)(3, -4\sqrt{3}) 成比例,且点 E+t(3,43)E' + t\,(3, -4\sqrt{3})ω\omega 上当且仅当 57t256t=057t^2 - 56t = 0,所以 t=5657t = \frac{56}{57} 给出 F=(24538,105338)F = \left(\frac{245}{38}, -\frac{105\sqrt{3}}{38}\right)。于是 AF2=(240133)2+3(510133)2=83790017689=90019, \begin{aligned} AF^2 &= \left(\frac{240}{133}\right)^2 + 3\left(\frac{510}{133}\right)^2 \\ &= \frac{837900}{17689} = \frac{900}{19}, \end{aligned} 所以 m+n=900+19=919m + n = 900 + 19 = 919

Let EE' be the point of ω\omega diametrically opposite E.E. Since DE\overline{DE} is a diameter of γ,\gamma, the angle DFE=90,\angle DFE = 90^\circ, and since EE\overline{EE'} is a diameter of ω,\omega, also EFE=90.\angle E'FE = 90^\circ. Both FDFD and FEFE' are perpendicular to FE,FE, so DD lies on line EF:E'F: the point FF is the second intersection of line EDE'D with ω.\omega.

Set B=(0,0)B = (0, 0) and C=(7,0);C = (7, 0); then A=(6514,15314).A = \left(\frac{65}{14}, \frac{15\sqrt{3}}{14}\right). The bisector gives BDDC=ABAC=53,\frac{BD}{DC} = \frac{AB}{AC} = \frac{5}{3}, so D=(358,0).D = \left(\frac{35}{8}, 0\right). Since EE is the midpoint of arc BCBC not containing A,A, both EE and EE' lie on the vertical line x=72x = \frac{7}{2} through the center O=(72,736),O = \left(\frac{7}{2}, -\frac{7\sqrt{3}}{6}\right), which satisfies OB=OA|OB| = |OA| with R2=493.R^2 = \frac{49}{3}. Thus E=(72,732)E = \left(\frac{7}{2}, -\frac{7\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) and E=(72,736).E' = \left(\frac{7}{2}, \frac{7\sqrt{3}}{6}\right).

The direction from EE' to DD is proportional to (3,43),(3, -4\sqrt{3}), and the point E+t(3,43)E' + t\,(3, -4\sqrt{3}) lies on ω\omega when 57t256t=0,57t^2 - 56t = 0, so t=5657t = \frac{56}{57} gives F=(24538,105338).F = \left(\frac{245}{38}, -\frac{105\sqrt{3}}{38}\right). Then AF2=(240133)2+3(510133)2=83790017689=90019, \begin{aligned} AF^2 &= \left(\frac{240}{133}\right)^2 + 3\left(\frac{510}{133}\right)^2 \\ &= \frac{837900}{17689} = \frac{900}{19}, \end{aligned} so m+n=900+19=919.m + n = 900 + 19 = 919.

← 第 14 题#14
完整试卷

其他年份的第 15 题