2008 AIME I Problem 15

Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 15 of the 2008 AIME I, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2008 AIME I solutions, or check the answer key.

All of the real AMC 8, AMC 10, AMC 12, and AIME problems in our complete solution collection are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

Concepts:paper folding3D geometrylaw of sinesPythagorean Theorem

Difficulty rating: 3370

15.

A square piece of paper has sides of length 100.100. From each corner a wedge is cut in the following manner: at each corner, the two cuts for the wedge each start at distance 17\sqrt{17} from the corner, and they meet on the diagonal at an angle of 6060^\circ (see the figure below). The paper is then folded up along the lines joining the vertices of adjacent cuts. When the two edges of a cut meet, they are taped together. The result is a paper tray whose sides are not at right angles to the base. The height of the tray, that is, the perpendicular distance between the plane of the base and the plane formed by the upper edges, can be written in the form mn,\sqrt[n]{m}, where mm and nn are positive integers, m<1000,m \lt 1000, and mm is not divisible by the nnth power of any prime. Find m+n.m + n.

Solution:

Put the corner at the origin OO with the two sides along the positive axes, and write a=17.a = \sqrt{17}. The cut on the bottom edge starts at P=(a,0),P = (a, 0), and the two cuts meet at RR on the diagonal y=x,y = x, each making a 3030^\circ angle with the diagonal. In triangle OPR,OPR, ROP=45\angle ROP = 45^\circ and ORP=30,\angle ORP = 30^\circ, so the Law of Sines gives PR=OPsin45sin30=a2.PR = \frac{OP\sin 45^\circ}{\sin 30^\circ} = a\sqrt{2}. The fold lines are the horizontal and vertical lines through R.R. Let SS be the point of the horizontal fold line directly above P,P, and T=(a,a)T = (a, a) the point where the vertical line through PP meets the diagonal. Since OPR=105,\angle OPR = 105^\circ, segment PRPR makes a 7575^\circ angle with the bottom edge, so SP=PRsin75=a26+24=a3+12,ST=SPPT=a3+12a=a312.SP = PR\sin 75^\circ = a\sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{6} + \sqrt{2}}{4} = a\,\frac{\sqrt{3} + 1}{2}, \qquad ST = SP - PT = a\,\frac{\sqrt{3} + 1}{2} - a = a\,\frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{2}.

When the bottom strip folds up along the horizontal line through R,R, point PP stays at distance SPSP from S,S, moving in the vertical plane through PP perpendicular to that fold line. By symmetry the two taped cut edges meet above the diagonal, so PP lands at a point PP' directly above T,T, and PTP'T is the height of the tray. By the Pythagorean theorem, PT2=PS2ST2=a2(3+12)2a2(312)2=a23.P'T^2 = P'S^2 - ST^2 = a^2\left(\frac{\sqrt{3} + 1}{2}\right)^2 - a^2\left(\frac{\sqrt{3} - 1}{2}\right)^2 = a^2\sqrt{3}.

So the height is a31/4=1734=17234=8674,a \cdot 3^{1/4} = \sqrt{17} \cdot \sqrt[4]{3} = \sqrt[4]{17^2 \cdot 3} = \sqrt[4]{867}, and m+n=867+4=871.m + n = 867 + 4 = 871.

← Problem 14Full Exam

Problem 15 in Other Years