2009 AIME I 第 5 题

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5.

三角形 ABCABC 中,AC=450AC = 450BC=300BC = 300。点 KKLL 分别在 AC\overline{AC}AB\overline{AB} 上,且 AK=CKAK = CK,并且 CL\overline{CL} 是角 CC 的角平分线。令 PPBK\overline{BK}CL\overline{CL} 的交点,令 MM 为直线 BKBK 上的点,使得 KKPM\overline{PM} 的中点。若 AM=180AM = 180,求 LPLP

Triangle ABCABC has AC=450AC = 450 and BC=300.BC = 300. Points KK and LL are located on AC\overline{AC} and AB\overline{AB} respectively so that AK=CK,AK = CK, and CL\overline{CL} is the angle bisector of angle C.C. Let PP be the point of intersection of BK\overline{BK} and CL,\overline{CL}, and let MM be the point on line BKBK for which KK is the midpoint of PM.\overline{PM}. If AM=180,AM = 180, find LP.LP.

答案:72
知识点:平行四边形相似角平分线定理
难度评级:2510
解答:

因为 AK=CKAK = CK,且 KKPM\overline{PM} 的中点,四边形 APCMAPCM 的对角线互相平分,所以 APCMAPCM 是平行四边形,并且 AMCPAM \parallel CP。又因为 PP 在直线 CLCL 上,且 BBPPMM 都在直线 BKBK 上,三角形 BLPBLPBAMBAM 相似。

因此 LPAM=BLBA\frac{LP}{AM} = \frac{BL}{BA}。由角平分线定理, ALLB=ACBC=450300=32\frac{AL}{LB} = \frac{AC}{BC} = \frac{450}{300} = \frac{3}{2}, 所以 BLBA=22+3=25\frac{BL}{BA} = \frac{2}{2 + 3} = \frac{2}{5}

所以 LP=25AM=25180=72LP = \frac{2}{5} \cdot AM = \frac{2}{5} \cdot 180 = 72

Because AK=CKAK = CK and KK is the midpoint of PM,\overline{PM}, the diagonals of quadrilateral APCMAPCM bisect each other, so APCMAPCM is a parallelogram and AMCP.AM \parallel CP. Since PP lies on line CLCL and B,B, P,P, MM all lie on line BK,BK, triangles BLPBLP and BAMBAM are similar.

Thus LPAM=BLBA.\frac{LP}{AM} = \frac{BL}{BA}. The angle bisector theorem gives ALLB=ACBC=450300=32,\frac{AL}{LB} = \frac{AC}{BC} = \frac{450}{300} = \frac{3}{2}, so BLBA=22+3=25.\frac{BL}{BA} = \frac{2}{2 + 3} = \frac{2}{5}.

Therefore LP=25AM=25180=72.LP = \frac{2}{5} \cdot AM = \frac{2}{5} \cdot 180 = 72.

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