2022 AIME II 第 11 题

先试着解答 2022 AIME II 第 11 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2022 AIME II 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

11.

ABCDABCD 是一个凸四边形,满足 AB=2AB = 2AD=7AD = 7CD=3CD = 3,且锐角 DAB\angle DABADC\angle ADC 的角平分线相交于 BC\overline{BC} 的中点。求 ABCDABCD 面积的平方。

Let ABCDABCD be a convex quadrilateral with AB=2,AB = 2, AD=7,AD = 7, and CD=3CD = 3 such that the bisectors of acute angles DAB\angle DAB and ADC\angle ADC intersect at the midpoint of BC.\overline{BC}. Find the square of the area of ABCD.ABCD.

答案:180
知识点:角平分线变换坐标几何鞋带公式
难度评级:3160
解答:

A=(0,0)A = (0, 0)D=(7,0)D = (7, 0),且 B,CB, C 在坐标轴上方,并设 MMBC\overline{BC} 的中点。将 BB 关于角平分线 AMAM 反射,会把射线 ABAB 变到射线 ADAD,所以 BB 映到 B=(2,0)B' = (2, 0),将 CC 关于角平分线 DMDM 反射,得到 C=(4,0)C' = (4, 0)。因为 MM 在两条镜像线之上,MB=MB=MC=MCMB' = MB = MC = MC',所以 MMBB'CC' 等距,从而 M=(3,h)M = (3, h),其中 h>0h \gt 0

DAB=2α\angle DAB = 2\alphaADC=2δ\angle ADC = 2\delta,于是 tanα=h3\tan\alpha = \frac{h}{3}tanδ=h4\tan\delta = \frac{h}{4}。则 B=(2cos2α,2sin2α)B = (2\cos 2\alpha,\, 2\sin 2\alpha)C=(73cos2δ,3sin2δ)C = (7 - 3\cos 2\delta,\, 3\sin 2\delta) 中点条件在 xx 坐标上给出 2cos2α3cos2δ=12\cos 2\alpha - 3\cos 2\delta = -1。代入 cos2α=9h29+h2\cos 2\alpha = \frac{9 - h^2}{9 + h^2}cos2δ=16h216+h2\cos 2\delta = \frac{16 - h^2}{16 + h^2},清除分母后得到 2h4=10h22h^4 = 10h^2,所以 h2=5h^2 = 5。(此时 yy 坐标条件也自动满足: 2sin2α2\sin 2\alpha +3sin2δ{}+ 3\sin 2\delta =657+857= \frac{6\sqrt{5}}{7} + \frac{8\sqrt{5}}{7} =2h= 2h。)

现在 cos2α=27\cos 2\alpha = \frac{2}{7}sin2α=357\sin 2\alpha = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7}cos2δ=1121\cos 2\delta = \frac{11}{21}sin2δ=8521\sin 2\delta = \frac{8\sqrt{5}}{21},所以 B=(47,657)B = \left(\frac{4}{7}, \frac{6\sqrt{5}}{7}\right)C=(387,857)C = \left(\frac{38}{7}, \frac{8\sqrt{5}}{7}\right)。对 A,B,C,DA, B, C, D 使用鞋带公式,面积为 656\sqrt{5},其平方为 180180

Place A=(0,0)A = (0, 0) and D=(7,0)D = (7, 0) with B,CB, C above the axis, and let MM be the midpoint of BC.\overline{BC}. Reflecting BB over the bisector line AMAM carries ray ABAB to ray AD,AD, so BB maps to B=(2,0),B' = (2, 0), and reflecting CC over the bisector DMDM gives C=(4,0).C' = (4, 0). Since MM lies on both mirror lines, MB=MB=MC=MC,MB' = MB = MC = MC', so MM is equidistant from BB' and CC' and hence M=(3,h)M = (3, h) for some h>0.h \gt 0.

Write DAB=2α\angle DAB = 2\alpha and ADC=2δ,\angle ADC = 2\delta, so tanα=h3\tan\alpha = \frac{h}{3} and tanδ=h4.\tan\delta = \frac{h}{4}. Then B=(2cos2α,2sin2α)B = (2\cos 2\alpha,\, 2\sin 2\alpha) and C=(73cos2δ,3sin2δ),C = (7 - 3\cos 2\delta,\, 3\sin 2\delta), and the midpoint condition on the xx-coordinates reads 2cos2α3cos2δ=1.2\cos 2\alpha - 3\cos 2\delta = -1. Substituting cos2α=9h29+h2\cos 2\alpha = \frac{9 - h^2}{9 + h^2} and cos2δ=16h216+h2\cos 2\delta = \frac{16 - h^2}{16 + h^2} and clearing denominators gives 2h4=10h2,2h^4 = 10h^2, so h2=5.h^2 = 5. (The yy-coordinate condition is then satisfied automatically: 2sin2α2\sin 2\alpha +3sin2δ{}+ 3\sin 2\delta =657+857= \frac{6\sqrt{5}}{7} + \frac{8\sqrt{5}}{7} =2h.= 2h.)

Now cos2α=27,\cos 2\alpha = \frac{2}{7}, sin2α=357,\sin 2\alpha = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{7}, cos2δ=1121,\cos 2\delta = \frac{11}{21}, sin2δ=8521,\sin 2\delta = \frac{8\sqrt{5}}{21}, so B=(47,657)B = \left(\frac{4}{7}, \frac{6\sqrt{5}}{7}\right) and C=(387,857).C = \left(\frac{38}{7}, \frac{8\sqrt{5}}{7}\right). The shoelace formula on A,B,C,DA, B, C, D gives area 65,6\sqrt{5}, whose square is 180.180.

← 第 10 题#10
完整试卷

其他年份的第 11 题