2012 AIME II 第 2 题

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2.

两个等比数列 a1,a2,a3,a_1, a_2, a_3, \ldotsb1,b2,b3,b_1, b_2, b_3, \ldots 有相同的公比,且 a1=27a_1 = 27b1=99b_1 = 99a15=b11a_{15} = b_{11}。求 a9a_9

Two geometric sequences a1,a2,a3,a_1, a_2, a_3, \ldots and b1,b2,b3,b_1, b_2, b_3, \ldots have the same common ratio, with a1=27,a_1 = 27, b1=99,b_1 = 99, and a15=b11.a_{15} = b_{11}. Find a9.a_9.

答案:363
知识点:等比数列代数变形
难度评级:1750
解答:

rr 为共同公比。则 a15=27r14a_{15} = 27r^{14}b11=99r10b_{11} = 99r^{10},所以 27r14=99r1027r^{14} = 99r^{10} 给出 r4=9927=113r^4 = \frac{99}{27} = \frac{11}{3}

因此 a9=27r8=27(113)2=271219=3121=363. \begin{aligned} a_9 &= 27r^8 = 27\left(\frac{11}{3}\right)^2 \\ &= 27 \cdot \frac{121}{9} = 3 \cdot 121 = 363. \end{aligned}

Let rr be the shared common ratio. Then a15=27r14a_{15} = 27r^{14} and b11=99r10,b_{11} = 99r^{10}, so 27r14=99r1027r^{14} = 99r^{10} gives r4=9927=113.r^4 = \frac{99}{27} = \frac{11}{3}.

Therefore a9=27r8=27(113)2=271219=3121=363. \begin{aligned} a_9 &= 27r^8 = 27\left(\frac{11}{3}\right)^2 \\ &= 27 \cdot \frac{121}{9} = 3 \cdot 121 = 363. \end{aligned}

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