1990 AMC 12 真题

向下滚动并点击“开始”即可作答!或前往可打印 PDF答案,或由 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh 精心整理的专业解答

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

或直接跳转到某一道题及其解答: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 · 19 · 20 · 21 · 22 · 23 · 24 · 25 · 26 · 27 · 28 · 29 · 30

想通过互动视频课程系统学习吗?

了解 LIVE课程

计时

1:15:00

1.

x42=4x2\dfrac{\frac{x}{4}}{2}=\dfrac4{\frac{x}{2}},则 x=x=

If x42=4x2,\dfrac{\frac{x}{4}}{2}=\dfrac4{\frac{x}{2}}, then x=x=

±12\pm\frac12

±1\pm1

±2\pm2

±4\pm4

±8\pm8

答案:E
知识点:complex fractionquadratic equation
难度评级:1090
小提示:

先化简两个复合分数

Simplify both complex fractions first

大提示:

清除分母后,解关于 x2x^2 的方程

After clearing denominators, solve the resulting equation in x2x^2

解答:

方程化简为 x8=8x\frac{x}{8}=\frac8x。由于 x0x\ne0,两边乘以 8x8x,得 x2=64x^2=64,所以 x=±8x=\pm8

所以正确答案是 E

The equation simplifies to x8=8x.\frac{x}{8}=\frac8x. Since x0,x\ne0, multiplying by 8x8x gives x2=64,x^2=64, so x=±8.x=\pm8.

Thus the correct answer is E.

2.

(14)14=\left(\dfrac14\right)^{-\frac{1}{4}}=

16-16

2-\sqrt2

116-\frac1{16}

1256\frac1{256}

2\sqrt2

答案:E
难度评级:1000
小提示:

负指数表示取倒数

A negative exponent takes the reciprocal

大提示:

44 写成 22 的幂

Rewrite 44 as a power of 22

解答:

取倒数后得到 414=(22)14=212=24^{\frac{1}{4}}=(2^2)^{\frac{1}{4}}=2^{\frac{1}{2}}=\sqrt2

所以正确答案是 E

Taking the reciprocal gives 414=(22)14=212=2.4^{\frac{1}{4}}=(2^2)^{\frac{1}{4}}=2^{\frac{1}{2}}=\sqrt2.

Thus the correct answer is E.

3.

一个梯形的四个连续内角构成等差数列。若最小角为 7575^\circ,则最大角为

The consecutive angles of a trapezoid form an arithmetic sequence. If the smallest angle is 75,75^\circ, then the largest angle is

9595^\circ

100100^\circ

105105^\circ

110110^\circ

115115^\circ

答案:C
难度评级:1260
小提示:

将四个角写成 75,75+d,75+2d,75+3d75,75+d,75+2d,75+3d

Write the four angles as 75,75+d,75+2d,75+3d75,75+d,75+2d,75+3d

大提示:

利用四边形的内角和

Use the angle sum of a quadrilateral

解答:

四个角的和为 360360^\circ,因此 75+(75+d)+(75+2d)+(75+3d)=360 \begin{aligned} &75+(75+d)\\ &\quad +(75+2d)\\ &\quad +(75+3d)=360 \end{aligned}\text{。}所以 d=10d=10,最大角为 75+3(10)=10575+3(10)=105^\circ

所以正确答案是 C

The four angles sum to 360,360^\circ, so 75+(75+d)+(75+2d)+(75+3d)=360. \begin{aligned} &75+(75+d)\\ &\quad +(75+2d)\\ &\quad +(75+3d)=360. \end{aligned} Thus d=10,d=10, and the largest angle is 75+3(10)=105.75+3(10)=105^\circ.

Thus the correct answer is C.

4.

ABCDABCD 为平行四边形,其中 ABC=120\angle ABC=120^\circAB=16AB=16BC=10BC=10。将 CD\overline{CD} 经过 DD 延长到 EE,使 DE=4DE=4。若 BE\overline{BE}AD\overline{AD} 交于 FF,则 FDFD 最接近

Let ABCDABCD be a parallelogram with ABC=120,\angle ABC=120^\circ, AB=16,AB=16, and BC=10.BC=10. Extend CD\overline{CD} through DD to EE so that DE=4.DE=4. If BE\overline{BE} intersects AD\overline{AD} at F,F, then FDFD is closest to

11

22

33

44

55

答案:B
难度评级:1280
小提示:

利用 ABED\overline{AB}\parallel\overline{ED}

Use that ABED\overline{AB}\parallel\overline{ED}

大提示:

三角形 ABFABFDEFDEF 相似

Triangles ABFABF and DEFDEF are similar

解答:

由于 ABEDAB\parallel ED,三角形 ABFABFDEFDEF 相似。因此 AFFD=ABDE=164=4 \frac{AF}{FD}=\frac{AB}{DE}=\frac{16}{4}=4\text{。}又因 AF+FD=AD=BC=10AF+FD=AD=BC=10,所以 5FD=105FD=10,从而 FD=2FD=2

所以正确答案是 B

Because ABED,AB\parallel ED, triangles ABFABF and DEFDEF are similar. Hence AFFD=ABDE=164=4. \frac{AF}{FD}=\frac{AB}{DE}=\frac{16}{4}=4. Since AF+FD=AD=BC=10,AF+FD=AD=BC=10, we get 5FD=10,5FD=10, so FD=2.FD=2.

Thus the correct answer is B.

5.

下列各数中,哪一个最大?

Which of these numbers is largest?

563\sqrt{\sqrt[3]{5\cdot6}}

653\sqrt{6\sqrt[3]5}

563\sqrt{5\sqrt[3]6}

563\sqrt[3]{5\sqrt6}

653\sqrt[3]{6\sqrt5}

答案:B
难度评级:1360
小提示:

所有选项均为正数,因此可分别取六次方

Every choice is positive, so raise each one to the sixth power

大提示:

将每个六次方写成 5a6b5^a6^b 的形式

Express each sixth power as 5a6b5^a6^b

解答:

对五个正数分别取六次方不改变它们的大小顺序,依次得到 30,635=1080,536=750,526=150,625=180 \begin{aligned} 30,\qquad &6^3\cdot5=1080,\\ 5^3\cdot6&=750,\\ 5^2\cdot6&=150,\qquad 6^2\cdot5=180 \end{aligned}\text{。}其中第二个最大。

所以正确答案是 B

Raising the five positive choices to the sixth power preserves their order and gives, respectively, 30,635=1080,536=750,526=150,625=180. \begin{aligned} 30,\qquad &6^3\cdot5=1080,\\ 5^3\cdot6&=750,\\ 5^2\cdot6&=150,\qquad 6^2\cdot5=180. \end{aligned} The largest is the second.

Thus the correct answer is B.

6.

AABB 相距 55 个单位。在一个给定的、包含 AABB 的平面内,有多少条直线到这两点的距离分别为 22 个单位(到 AA)和 33 个单位(到 BB)?

Points AA and BB are 55 units apart. How many lines in a given plane containing AA and BB are 22 units from AA and 33 units from B?B?

00

11

22

33

多于 33

more than 33

答案:D
难度评级:1500
小提示:

将距离条件转化为两圆的切线条件

Replace the distance conditions by tangencies to two circles

大提示:

两圆的半径分别为 2233,且两圆外切

The circles have radii 22 and 33 and are externally tangent

解答:

符合条件的直线,是以 AA 为圆心、半径为 22 的圆与以 BB 为圆心、半径为 33 的圆的公切线。两圆的圆心距等于半径之和,所以两圆外切。它们有两条外公切线,并在切点处另有一条公切线,共有 33 条。

所以正确答案是 D

A qualifying line is a common tangent to the circle centered at AA with radius 22 and the circle centered at BB with radius 3.3. Their center distance equals the sum of their radii, so they are externally tangent. They have two external common tangents and one common tangent at their point of contact, for a total of 3.3.

Thus the correct answer is D.

7.

一个边长均为整数的三角形,其周长为 88。这个三角形的面积是

A triangle with integral sides has perimeter 8.8. The area of the triangle is

222\sqrt2

1693\frac{16}{9}\sqrt3

232\sqrt3

44

424\sqrt2

答案:A
难度评级:1410
小提示:

列出和为 88 的所有无序正整数三元组

List the unordered triples of positive integers summing to 88

大提示:

只有一个三元组满足严格的三角不等式

Only one triple satisfies the strict triangle inequality

解答:

和为 88 且满足三角不等式的无序正整数边长只有 2,3,32,3,3。半周长为 44,因此海伦公式给出 K=4(42)(43)(43)=22 \begin{aligned} K&=\sqrt{4(4-2)(4-3)(4-3)}\\ &=2\sqrt2 \end{aligned}\text{。}

所以正确答案是 A

The only unordered positive integral side lengths summing to 88 and satisfying the triangle inequality are 2,3,3.2,3,3. Their semiperimeter is 4,4, so Heron’s formula gives K=4(42)(43)(43)=22. \begin{aligned} K&=\sqrt{4(4-2)(4-3)(4-3)}\\ &=2\sqrt2. \end{aligned}

Thus the correct answer is A.

8.

方程 x2+x3=1 |x-2|+|x-3|=1 的实数解的个数是

The number of real solutions of the equation x2+x3=1 |x-2|+|x-3|=1 is

00

11

22

33

多于 33

more than 33

答案:E
知识点:绝对值interval
难度评级:1150
小提示:

把两个绝对值理解为数轴上的距离

Interpret the two absolute values as distances on a number line

大提示:

对每个 xx,考察它位于 2233 之间的情形

Consider every xx between 22 and 33

解答:

对每个 x[2,3]x\in[2,3]x2+x3=(x2)+(3x)=1 \begin{aligned} &|x-2|+|x-3|\\ &\quad=(x-2)+(3-x)\\ &=1 \end{aligned}\text{。}因此整个区间 [2,3][2,3] 中的数都是解,所以解的个数多于 33

所以正确答案是 E

For every x[2,3],x\in[2,3], x2+x3=(x2)+(3x)=1. \begin{aligned} &|x-2|+|x-3|\\ &\quad=(x-2)+(3-x)\\ &=1. \end{aligned} Thus the entire interval [2,3][2,3] consists of solutions, so there are more than 3.3.

Thus the correct answer is E.

9.

一个立方体的每条棱都被涂成红色或黑色。立方体的每个面都至少有一条黑棱。黑棱数的最小可能值是

Each edge of a cube is colored either red or black. Every face of the cube has at least one black edge. The smallest possible number of black edges is

22

33

44

55

66

答案:B
难度评级:1450
小提示:

每条棱恰好属于两个面

Each edge belongs to exactly two faces

大提示:

为构造达到下界的情形,选择三条互不相邻的棱

For the matching upper bound, choose three mutually nonadjacent edges

解答:

每条黑棱只能覆盖与它相邻的两个面,所以要覆盖全部 66 个面,至少需要 33 条黑棱。选择分别属于“顶面与前面”“底面与左面”“后面与右面”这三对面的棱。这三条棱覆盖全部六个面,所以最小值为 33

所以正确答案是 B

Each black edge can cover only its two incident faces, so covering all 66 faces requires at least 33 black edges. Choose edges incident to the face-pairs top/front, bottom/left, and back/right. These three edges cover all six faces, so the minimum is 3.3.

Thus the correct answer is B.

10.

一个 11×11×1111\times11\times11 的木质立方体由 11311^3 个单位立方体粘成。从一个观察点最多能看到多少个单位立方体?

An 11×11×1111\times11\times11 wooden cube is formed by gluing together 11311^3 unit cubes. What is the greatest number of unit cubes that can be seen from a single point?

328328

329329

330330

331331

332332

答案:D
难度评级:1510
小提示:

从一个观察点至多能看到立方体的三个面

At most three faces of a cube are visible from one point

大提示:

对三个两两相邻的 11×1111\times11 面应用容斥原理

Use inclusion-exclusion on three mutually adjacent 11×1111\times11 faces

解答:

从适当的观察点可以看到三个两两相邻的面。它们共包含 3(112)3(11)+1=36333+1=331 \begin{aligned} &3(11^2)-3(11)+1\\ &=363-33+1\\ &=331 \end{aligned} 个不同的单位立方体:减去三条重复计算的公共棱,再补回顶角处的单位立方体。

所以正确答案是 D

From a suitable point one can see three mutually adjacent faces. They contain 3(112)3(11)+1=36333+1=331 \begin{aligned} &3(11^2)-3(11)+1\\ &=363-33+1\\ &=331 \end{aligned} distinct unit cubes: subtract the three shared edges and restore the corner cube.

Thus the correct answer is D.

11.

小于 5050 的正整数中,有多少个数的正因数个数为奇数?

How many positive integers less than 5050 have an odd number of positive integer divisors?

33

55

77

99

1111

答案:C
难度评级:1140
小提示:

因数通常成对出现,即 ddnd\frac{n}{d}

Divisors normally pair as dd and nd\frac{n}{d}

大提示:

只有完全平方数会出现未配对的因数

An unpaired divisor occurs exactly for a perfect square

解答:

一个正整数的因数个数为奇数,当且仅当它是完全平方数。小于 5050 的完全平方数为 1,4,9,16,25,36,49 1,4,9,16,25,36,49\text{,}所以共有 77 个。

所以正确答案是 C

A positive integer has an odd number of divisors exactly when it is a perfect square. The squares below 5050 are 1,4,9,16,25,36,49, 1,4,9,16,25,36,49, so there are 7.7.

Thus the correct answer is C.

12.

设函数 ff 定义为 f(x)=ax22f(x)=ax^2-\sqrt2,其中 aa 为正数。若 f(f(2))=2f(f(\sqrt2))=-\sqrt2,则 a=a=

Let ff be the function defined by f(x)=ax22f(x)=ax^2-\sqrt2 for some positive a.a. If f(f(2))=2,f(f(\sqrt2))=-\sqrt2, then a=a=

222\frac{2-\sqrt2}{2}

12\frac12

222-\sqrt2

22\frac{\sqrt2}{2}

2+22\frac{2+\sqrt2}{2}

答案:D
难度评级:1340
小提示:

aa 为正数时,f(y)f(y) 何时等于 2-\sqrt2

For positive a,a, when can f(y)f(y) equal 2?-\sqrt2?

大提示:

令内层的值 f(2)f(\sqrt2) 等于零

Set the inner value f(2)f(\sqrt2) equal to zero

解答:

由于 a>0a\gt0,方程 f(y)=ay22=2f(y)=ay^2-\sqrt2=-\sqrt2 迫使 y=0y=0。因此 f(2)=2a2=0 f(\sqrt2)=2a-\sqrt2=0\text{,}所以 a=22a=\frac{\sqrt2}{2}

所以正确答案是 D

Because a>0,a\gt0, the equation f(y)=ay22=2f(y)=ay^2-\sqrt2=-\sqrt2 forces y=0.y=0. Hence f(2)=2a2=0, f(\sqrt2)=2a-\sqrt2=0, so a=22.a=\frac{\sqrt2}{2}.

Thus the correct answer is D.

13.

如果计算机执行以下指令,那么 XX 会因指令 55 打印出哪个值?

11。将 XX 的初值设为 33,将 SS 的初值设为 00

22。将 XX 的值增加 22

33。将 SS 的值增加 XX 的值。

44。若 SS 至少为 1000010000,则转到指令 55;否则转到指令 22,并从那里继续执行。

55。打印 XX 的值。

66。停止。

If the following instructions are carried out by a computer, which value of XX will be printed because of instruction 5?5?

1.1. START XX AT 33 AND SS AT 0.0.

2.2. INCREASE THE VALUE OF XX BY 2.2.

3.3. INCREASE THE VALUE OF SS BY THE VALUE OF X.X.

4.4. IF SS IS AT LEAST 10000,10000, THEN GO TO INSTRUCTION 5;5; OTHERWISE, GO TO INSTRUCTION 22 AND PROCEED FROM THERE.

5.5. PRINT THE VALUE OF X.X.

6.6. STOP.

1919

2121

2323

199199

201201

答案:E
难度评级:1630
小提示:

经过 kk 轮指令 2233 后,求出 XXSS

After kk passes through instructions 22 and 3,3, find XX and SS

大提示:

加到 SS 上的数是从 55 开始的连续奇数

The values added to SS are consecutive odd numbers beginning with 55

解答:

执行 kk 轮后,X=2k+3X=2k+3,且 S=5+7++(2k+3)=k(k+4) \begin{aligned} S&=5+7+\cdots+(2k+3)\\ &=k(k+4) \end{aligned}\text{。}由于 98(102)=9996<1000098(102)=9996\lt10000,而 99(103)=101971000099(103)=10197\ge10000,循环在 k=99k=99 时停止,此时 X=2(99)+3=201X=2(99)+3=201

所以正确答案是 E

After kk passes, X=2k+3,X=2k+3, and S=5+7++(2k+3)=k(k+4). \begin{aligned} S&=5+7+\cdots+(2k+3)\\ &=k(k+4). \end{aligned} Now 98(102)=9996<10000,98(102)=9996\lt10000, while 99(103)=1019710000.99(103)=10197\ge10000. Thus the loop stops at k=99,k=99, when X=2(99)+3=201.X=2(99)+3=201.

Thus the correct answer is E.

14.

锐角等腰三角形 ABCABC 内接于一个圆。过 BBCC 分别作圆的切线,两条切线交于点 DD。若 ABC=ACB=2D\angle ABC=\angle ACB=2\angle D,且 xxA\angle A 的弧度数,则 x=x=

An acute isosceles triangle, ABC,ABC, is inscribed in a circle. Through BB and C,C, tangents to the circle are drawn, meeting at point D.D. If ABC=ACB=2D\angle ABC=\angle ACB=2\angle D and xx is the radian measure of A,\angle A, then x=x=

37π\frac37\pi

49π\frac49\pi

511π\frac5{11}\pi

613π\frac6{13}\pi

715π\frac7{15}\pi

答案:A
难度评级:1910
小提示:

xx 表示每个底角

Express each base angle in terms of xx

大提示:

两条切线所成的角为 π2x\pi-2x

The angle between the tangents is π2x\pi-2x

解答:

两个底角均为 πx2\frac{\pi-x}{2}。小弧 BCBC 对应的圆心角为 2x2x,所以两条切线所成的角为 π2x\pi-2x。由已知关系可得 πx2=2(π2x) \frac{\pi-x}{2}=2(\pi-2x)\text{。}因此 7x=3π7x=3\pi,即 x=3π7x=\frac{3\pi}{7}

所以正确答案是 A

The two base angles are each πx2.\frac{\pi-x}{2}. The minor arc BCBC has central angle 2x,2x, so the angle between the tangents is π2x.\pi-2x. The given relation yields πx2=2(π2x). \frac{\pi-x}{2}=2(\pi-2x). Therefore 7x=3π,7x=3\pi, or x=3π7.x=\frac{3\pi}{7}.

Thus the correct answer is A.

15.

四个非负整数每次取三个相加,得到的和分别为 180180197197208208222222。这四个数中最大的是多少?

Four whole numbers, when added three at a time, give the sums 180,180, 197,197, 208,208, and 222.222. What is the largest of the four numbers?

7777

8383

8989

9595

无法由已知信息确定

cannot be determined from the given information

答案:C
知识点:方程组sums
难度评级:1360
小提示:

把给出的四个三数之和相加

Add the four given triple-sums

大提示:

每个原数恰好在这些和中出现三次

Each original number appears in exactly three of those sums

解答:

设四个数的和为 TT。将四个三数之和相加,得 3T=180+197+208+222=807 \begin{aligned} 3T&=180+197+208+222\\ &=807 \end{aligned}\text{,}所以 T=269T=269。被省略的四个数分别为 269180269-180269197269-197269208269-208269222269-222,其中最大的是 8989

所以正确答案是 C

If TT is the sum of the four numbers, adding the four triple-sums gives 3T=180+197+208+222=807, \begin{aligned} 3T&=180+197+208+222\\ &=807, \end{aligned} so T=269.T=269. The omitted numbers are 269180,269-180, 269197,269-197, 269208,269-208, and 269222,269-222, whose largest is 89.89.

Thus the correct answer is C.

16.

在乔治·华盛顿的一次聚会上,每位男士都与除自己配偶以外的所有人握手,而女士之间互不握手。如果有 1313 对夫妇参加,那么这 2626 人之间一共握了多少次手?

At one of George Washington’s parties, each man shook hands with everyone except his spouse, and no handshakes took place between women. If 1313 married couples attended, how many handshakes were there among these 2626 people?

7878

185185

234234

312312

325325

答案:C
知识点:组合补集计数
难度评级:1440
小提示:

先考虑 2626 位宾客中所有无序的两人组合

Begin with all unordered pairs of the 2626 guests

大提示:

去掉夫妻组合和由两位女士组成的组合

Remove spouse pairs and pairs consisting of two women

解答:

所有可能的两人组合共有 (262)=325\binom{26}{2}=325 个。去掉 1313 对夫妻和 (132)=78\binom{13}{2}=78 个由两位女士组成的组合。握手次数为 3251378=234 325-13-78=234\text{。}

所以正确答案是 C

There are (262)=325\binom{26}{2}=325 possible pairs. Exclude the 1313 married pairs and the (132)=78\binom{13}{2}=78 pairs of women. The number of handshakes is 3251378=234. 325-13-78=234.

Thus the correct answer is C.

17.

100100101101\ldots999999 中,有多少个数的三个数字互不相同,并且按递增或递减顺序排列?

How many of the numbers 100,100, 101,101, ,\ldots, 999999 have three different digits in increasing order or in decreasing order?

120120

168168

204204

216216

240240

答案:C
难度评级:1700
小提示:

选定三个不同的数字后,它们的递增顺序或递减顺序就唯一确定

Choosing three distinct digits fixes their increasing or decreasing order

大提示:

在递增情形中,要谨慎处理数字 00

Treat the digit 00 carefully in the increasing case

解答:

递增的三位数不能使用 00,所以递增数共有 (93)=84\binom93=84 个。从 0099 中任取三个数字,都能组成一个有效的递减三位数,因为最大的数字位于首位;这样的数有 (103)=120\binom{10}{3}=120 个。总数为 84+120=20484+120=204

所以正确答案是 C

An increasing three-digit number cannot use 0,0, so there are (93)=84\binom93=84 increasing numbers. Any three digits chosen from 00 through 99 form a valid decreasing three-digit number, because the largest digit comes first; this gives (103)=120.\binom{10}{3}=120. The total is 84+120=204.84+120=204.

Thus the correct answer is C.

18.

先随机选择 aa,它来自集合 {1,2,3,,99,100}\{1,2,3,\ldots,99,100\};再从同一集合中随机选择 bb。整数 3a+7b3^a+7^b 的个位数字为 88 的概率是

First aa is chosen at random from the set {1,2,3,,99,100},\{1,2,3,\ldots,99,100\}, and then bb is chosen at random from the same set. The probability that the integer 3a+7b3^a+7^b has units digit 88 is

116\frac1{16}

18\frac18

316\frac3{16}

15\frac15

14\frac14

答案:C
难度评级:2060
小提示:

这两个幂的个位数字都以 44 为周期重复

The units digits of both powers repeat with period 44

大提示:

列出余数对 (amod4,bmod4)(a\bmod4,b\bmod4) 中能使个位数字为 88 的情形

List the residue pairs (amod4,bmod4)(a\bmod4,b\bmod4) that produce a units digit of 88

解答:

3a3^aa1,2,3,0(mod4)a\equiv1,2,3,0\pmod4 时的个位数字依次为 3,9,7,13,9,7,1;而 7b7^b 的个位数字依次为 7,9,3,17,9,3,1。和的个位数字为 88 时,余数对为 (a,b)(2,2),(3,0),(0,1)(mod4) \begin{aligned} (a,b)\equiv{}&(2,2),(3,0),\\ &(0,1)\pmod4 \end{aligned}\text{。}每种余数都出现 2525 次(在 1,,1001,\ldots,100 中),所以所求概率为 316\frac{3}{16}

所以正确答案是 C

The units digits of 3a3^a for a1,2,3,0(mod4)a\equiv1,2,3,0\pmod4 are 3,9,7,1,3,9,7,1, while those of 7b7^b are 7,9,3,1.7,9,3,1. A sum ending in 88 occurs for the residue pairs (a,b)(2,2),(3,0),(0,1)(mod4). \begin{aligned} (a,b)\equiv{}&(2,2),(3,0),\\ &(0,1)\pmod4. \end{aligned} Each residue occurs 2525 times among 1,,100,1,\ldots,100, so the probability is 316.\frac{3}{16}.

Thus the correct answer is C.

19.

有多少个整数 NN 介于 1119901990 之间,使假分数 N2+7N+4 \frac{N^2+7}{N+4} 不是最简分数?

For how many integers NN between 11 and 19901990 is the improper fraction N2+7N+4 \frac{N^2+7}{N+4} not in lowest terms?

00

8686

9090

104104

105105

答案:B
难度评级:1900
小提示:

N2+7N^2+7N+4N+4 取模化简

Reduce N2+7N^2+7 modulo N+4N+4

大提示:

唯一可能的公质因数是 2323 的因数

The only possible common prime factor is a divisor of 2323

解答:

N+4N+4 取模,有 N4N\equiv-4,所以 N2+716+7=23 N^2+7\equiv16+7=23\text{。}因此,该分数可约分,当且仅当 N+4N+4 能被 2323 整除,即 N19(mod23)N\equiv19\pmod{23}。这些值为 19,42,,197419,42,\ldots,1974,一共有 8686 个。

所以正确答案是 B

Modulo N+4,N+4, we have N4,N\equiv-4, so N2+716+7=23. N^2+7\equiv16+7=23. Thus the fraction is reducible exactly when N+4N+4 is divisible by 23,23, or N19(mod23).N\equiv19\pmod{23}. The values are 19,42,,1974,19,42,\ldots,1974, a total of 86.86.

Thus the correct answer is B.

20.

图中,ABCDABCD 是一个四边形,AACC 均为直角。点 EEFF 位于 AC\overline{AC} 上,且 DE\overline{DE}BF\overline{BF} 都垂直于 AC\overline{AC}。若 AE=3AE=3DE=5DE=5CE=7CE=7,则 BF=BF=

In the figure, ABCDABCD is a quadrilateral with right angles at AA and C.C. Points EE and FF are on AC,\overline{AC}, and DE\overline{DE} and BF\overline{BF} are perpendicular to AC.\overline{AC}. If AE=3,AE=3, DE=5,DE=5, and CE=7,CE=7, then BF=BF=

3.63.6

44

4.24.2

4.54.5

55

答案:C
难度评级:1910
小提示:

AC\overline{AC} 放在 xx 轴上,并令 A=(0,0)A=(0,0)

Place AC\overline{AC} on the xx-axis with A=(0,0)A=(0,0)

大提示:

利用点积表示 AACC 处的直角条件

Use dot products for the right angles at AA and CC

解答:

A=(0,0)A=(0,0)E=(3,0)E=(3,0)C=(10,0)C=(10,0)D=(3,5)D=(3,-5)B=(f,h)B=(f,h),其中 h=BFh=BF。因为 ABADAB\perp AD(f,h)(3,5)=0 (f,h)\cdot(3,-5)=0\text{,}所以 3f=5h3f=5h。因为 BCDCBC\perp DC(f10,h)(7,5)=0 (f-10,h)\cdot(-7,-5)=0\text{,}所以 7f+5h=707f+5h=70。代入可得 f=7f=7h=215=4.2h=\frac{21}{5}=4.2

所以正确答案是 C

Set A=(0,0),A=(0,0), E=(3,0),E=(3,0), C=(10,0),C=(10,0), D=(3,5),D=(3,-5), and B=(f,h),B=(f,h), where h=BF.h=BF. Since ABAD,AB\perp AD, (f,h)(3,5)=0, (f,h)\cdot(3,-5)=0, so 3f=5h.3f=5h. Since BCDC,BC\perp DC, (f10,h)(7,5)=0, (f-10,h)\cdot(-7,-5)=0, so 7f+5h=70.7f+5h=70. Substitution gives f=7f=7 and h=215=4.2.h=\frac{21}{5}=4.2.

Thus the correct answer is C.

21.

考虑一个棱锥 P-ABCDP\text{-}ABCD,其底面 ABCDABCD 是正方形,顶点 PPAABBCCDD 的距离相等。若 AB=1AB=1,且 APB=2θ\angle APB=2\theta,则该棱锥的体积为

Consider a pyramid P-ABCDP\text{-}ABCD whose base ABCDABCD is square and whose vertex PP is equidistant from A,A, B,B, C,C, and D.D. If AB=1AB=1 and APB=2θ,\angle APB=2\theta, then the volume of the pyramid is

sinθ6\frac{\sin\theta}{6}

cotθ6\frac{\cot\theta}{6}

16sinθ\frac1{6\sin\theta}

1sin2θ6\frac{1-\sin2\theta}{6}

cos2θ6sinθ\frac{\sqrt{\cos2\theta}}{6\sin\theta}

答案:E
难度评级:2380
小提示:

在等腰三角形 APBAPB 中表示 PAPA,其中要利用弦长 ABAB

In isosceles triangle APB,APB, express PAPA using the chord ABAB

大提示:

PAPA 与棱锥的高以及正方形中心到顶点的距离联系起来

Relate PAPA to the pyramid height and the center-to-vertex distance of the square

解答:

R=PA=PBR=PA=PB。在等腰三角形 APBAPB 中,1=AB=2Rsinθ 1=AB=2R\sin\theta\text{,}所以 R=12sinθR=\frac{1}{2\sin\theta}。若 hh 为棱锥的高,则正方形中心到 AA 的水平距离为 12\frac{1}{\sqrt2},因此 h2=R212=cos2θ4sin2θ \begin{aligned} h^2 &=R^2-\frac12\\ &=\frac{\cos2\theta}{4\sin^2\theta} \end{aligned}\text{。}所以 h=cos2θ2sinθh=\frac{\sqrt{\cos2\theta}}{2\sin\theta},体积为 13(1)h=cos2θ6sinθ\frac13(1)h=\frac{\sqrt{\cos2\theta}}{6\sin\theta}

所以正确答案是 E

Let R=PA=PB.R=PA=PB. In isosceles triangle APB,APB, 1=AB=2Rsinθ, 1=AB=2R\sin\theta, so R=12sinθ.R=\frac{1}{2\sin\theta}. If hh is the pyramid height, the horizontal distance from the square’s center to AA is 12,\frac{1}{\sqrt2}, hence h2=R212=cos2θ4sin2θ. \begin{aligned} h^2 &=R^2-\frac12\\ &=\frac{\cos2\theta}{4\sin^2\theta}. \end{aligned} Thus h=cos2θ2sinθ,h=\frac{\sqrt{\cos2\theta}}{2\sin\theta}, and the volume is 13(1)h=cos2θ6sinθ.\frac13(1)h=\frac{\sqrt{\cos2\theta}}{6\sin\theta}.

Thus the correct answer is E.

22.

若方程 x6=64x^6=-64 的六个解写成 a+bia+bi 的形式,其中 aabb 都是实数,那么所有满足 a>0a\gt0 的解的乘积为

If the six solutions of x6=64x^6=-64 are written in the form a+bi,a+bi, where aa and bb are real, then the product of those solutions with a>0a\gt0 is

2-2

00

2i2i

44

1616

答案:D
难度评级:2230
小提示:

64-64 写成极形式,并列出它的六个六次方根

Write 64-64 in polar form and list its six sixth roots

大提示:

实部为正的两个根构成一对共轭复数

The roots with positive real part form a conjugate pair

解答:

这些根的模为 22,辐角为 π6+kπ3,k=0,1,,5 \frac\pi6+\frac{k\pi}{3},\qquad k=0,1,\ldots,5\text{。}实部为正的两个根的辐角分别为 π6\frac{\pi}{6}11π6\frac{11\pi}{6}。它们互为共轭,模均为 22,所以乘积为 22=42^2=4

所以正确答案是 D

The roots have modulus 22 and arguments π6+kπ3,k=0,1,,5. \frac\pi6+\frac{k\pi}{3},\qquad k=0,1,\ldots,5. The roots with positive real part have arguments π6\frac{\pi}{6} and 11π6.\frac{11\pi}{6}. They are conjugates of modulus 2,2, so their product is 22=4.2^2=4.

Thus the correct answer is D.

23.

xxy>0y\gt0logyx+logxy=103\log_yx+\log_xy=\frac{10}{3},且 xy=144xy=144,则 x+y2=\frac{x+y}{2}=

If x,x, y>0,y\gt0, logyx+logxy=103,\log_yx+\log_xy=\frac{10}{3}, and xy=144,xy=144, then x+y2=\frac{x+y}{2}=

12212\sqrt2

13313\sqrt3

2424

3030

3636

答案:B
难度评级:2130
小提示:

t=logyxt=\log_yx,则 logxy=1t\log_xy=\frac{1}{t}

Let t=logyx,t=\log_yx, so that logxy=1t\log_xy=\frac{1}{t}

大提示:

tt 的两个可能值表明,x,yx,y 中一个是另一个的立方

The resulting values of tt show that one of x,yx,y is the cube of the other

解答:

t=logyxt=\log_yx。则 t+1t=103 t+\frac1t=\frac{10}{3}\text{,}所以 3t210t+3=03t^2-10t+3=0,从而 t=3t=313\frac{1}{3}。因此,x,yx,y 中一个是另一个的立方。设较小者为 uu。则 u4=xy=144u^4=xy=144,所以 u=23u=2\sqrt3,且 u3=243u^3=24\sqrt3。因此 x+y2=23+2432=133 \frac{x+y}{2}=\frac{2\sqrt3+24\sqrt3}{2}=13\sqrt3\text{。}

所以正确答案是 B

Let t=logyx.t=\log_yx. Then t+1t=103, t+\frac1t=\frac{10}{3}, so 3t210t+3=0,3t^2-10t+3=0, giving t=3t=3 or 13.\frac{1}{3}. Thus one of x,yx,y is the cube of the other. Let the smaller be u.u. Then u4=xy=144,u^4=xy=144, so u=23u=2\sqrt3 and u3=243.u^3=24\sqrt3. Therefore x+y2=23+2432=133. \frac{x+y}{2}=\frac{2\sqrt3+24\sqrt3}{2}=13\sqrt3.

Thus the correct answer is B.

24.

亚当斯高中和贝克高中的全体学生都参加了某项考试。表中列出了两所学校男生、女生以及全体学生各自的平均分,并列出了两校男生合在一起的平均分。两校女生合在一起的平均分是多少?

亚当斯 贝克 亚当斯与贝克
男生: 7171 8181 7979
女生: 7676 9090
男生与女生: 7474 8484

All students at Adams High School and at Baker High School take a certain exam. The average scores for boys, for girls, and for boys and girls combined, at Adams HS and Baker HS are shown in the table, as is the average for boys at the two schools combined. What is the average score for the girls at the two schools combined?

Adams Baker Adams & Baker
Boys: 7171 8181 7979
Girls: 7676 9090 ?
Boys & Girls: 7474 8484

8181

8282

8383

8484

8585

答案:D
难度评级:1720
小提示:

利用每所学校的全体平均分,求出该校女生人数与男生人数之比

Use each school’s combined average to find its ratio of girls to boys

大提示:

利用两校男生合在一起的平均分,求出两校男生人数之间的关系

Use the combined boys’ average to relate the numbers of boys at the two schools

解答:

设亚当斯高中有 xx 名男生和 yy 名女生。由该校的平均分,71x+76y=74(x+y) 71x+76y=74(x+y)\text{,}所以 y=3x2y=\frac{3x}{2}。若贝克高中有 uu 名男生和 vv 名女生,则该校的平均分给出 u=2vu=2v。两校男生合在一起的平均分给出 71x+81u=79(x+u) 71x+81u=79(x+u)\text{,}所以 u=4xu=4x,且 v=2xv=2x。因此,两校女生合在一起的平均分为 76(3x2)+90(2x)3x2+2x=84 \frac{76(\frac{3x}{2})+90(2x)}{\frac{3x}{2}+2x}=84\text{。}

所以正确答案是 D

Let Adams have xx boys and yy girls. From its average, 71x+76y=74(x+y), 71x+76y=74(x+y), so y=3x2.y=\frac{3x}{2}. If Baker has uu boys and vv girls, its average gives u=2v.u=2v. The combined boys’ average gives 71x+81u=79(x+u), 71x+81u=79(x+u), so u=4xu=4x and v=2x.v=2x. Hence the combined girls’ average is 76(3x2)+90(2x)3x2+2x=84. \frac{76(\frac{3x}{2})+90(2x)}{\frac{3x}{2}+2x}=84.

Thus the correct answer is D.

25.

九个全等的球装入一个单位立方体中,其中一个球的球心位于立方体中心,其余每个球都与中心球以及立方体的三个面相切。每个球的半径是多少?

Nine congruent spheres are packed inside a unit cube in such a way that one of them has its center at the center of the cube and each of the others is tangent to the center sphere and to three faces of the cube. What is the radius of each sphere?

1321-\frac{\sqrt3}{2}

2332\frac{2\sqrt3-3}{2}

26\frac{\sqrt2}{6}

14\frac14

3(22)4\frac{\sqrt3(2-\sqrt2)}4

答案:B
难度评级:2260
小提示:

将一个角落球的球心置于 (r,r,r)(r,r,r)

Place one corner sphere’s center at (r,r,r)(r,r,r)

大提示:

它到 (12,12,12)(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}) 的距离等于 2r2r

Its distance from (12,12,12)(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}) equals 2r2r

解答:

若半径为 rr,则一个角落球的球心为 (r,r,r)(r,r,r),中心球的球心为 (12,12,12)(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2})。相切条件给出 3(12r)=2r \sqrt3\left(\frac12-r\right)=2r\text{。}解方程并将分母有理化,r=32(2+3)=2332 r=\frac{\sqrt3}{2(2+\sqrt3)} =\frac{2\sqrt3-3}{2}\text{。}

所以正确答案是 B

If the radius is r,r, a corner sphere has center (r,r,r)(r,r,r) and the central sphere has center (12,12,12).(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}). Tangency gives 3(12r)=2r. \sqrt3\left(\frac12-r\right)=2r. Solving and rationalizing, r=32(2+3)=2332. r=\frac{\sqrt3}{2(2+\sqrt3)} =\frac{2\sqrt3-3}{2}.

Thus the correct answer is B.

26.

十个人围成一圈。每个人选取一个数,并将它告诉圆圈中与自己相邻的两个人。然后,每个人计算并公布自己两位邻居所选数字的平均数。图中显示的是每个人公布的平均数(不是此人原来选取的数)。公布平均数 66 的人所选的数是

Ten people form a circle. Each picks a number and tells it to the two neighbors adjacent to him in the circle. Then each person computes and announces the average of the numbers of his two neighbors. The figure shows the average announced by each person (not the original number the person picked). The number picked by the person who announced the average 66 was

11

55

66

1010

无法根据已知信息唯一确定

not uniquely determined from the given information

答案:A
难度评级:2500
小提示:

xix_i 是选取的数,aia_i 是图中显示的平均数,则 xi1+xi+1=2aix_{i-1}+x_{i+1}=2a_i

If xix_i is a picked number and aia_i the displayed average, then xi1+xi+1=2aix_{i-1}+x_{i+1}=2a_i

大提示:

从相邻的两个未知原数开始,沿圆圈递推

Start with two unknown adjacent picked numbers and propagate around the circle

解答:

按顺时针方向,将图中显示的平均数 a0,a1,,a9a_0,a_1,\ldots,a_9 依次编号为 1,2,,101,2,\ldots,10,并令 xix_i 为相应位置所选的数。记 x0=t, x1=ux_0=t,\ x_1=u。由 xi1+xi+1=2aix_{i-1}+x_{i+1}=2a_i,依次得到 x2=4t,x3=6u,x4=4+t,x5=4+u,x6=8t,x7=10u,x8=8+t,x9=8+u \begin{aligned} x_2&=4-t, &x_3&=6-u,\\ x_4&=4+t, &x_5&=4+u,\\ x_6&=8-t, &x_7&=10-u,\\ x_8&=8+t, &x_9&=8+u \end{aligned}\text{。}最后两个闭合方程给出 t=6t=6u=3u=-3。因此 x5=4+u=1x_5=4+u=1

所以正确答案是 A

Index the displayed averages a0,a1,,a9a_0,a_1,\ldots,a_9 clockwise as 1,2,,10,1,2,\ldots,10, and let xix_i be the corresponding picked numbers. Write x0=t, x1=u.x_0=t,\ x_1=u. From xi1+xi+1=2ai,x_{i-1}+x_{i+1}=2a_i, successive values are x2=4t,x3=6u,x4=4+t,x5=4+u,x6=8t,x7=10u,x8=8+t,x9=8+u. \begin{aligned} x_2&=4-t, &x_3&=6-u,\\ x_4&=4+t, &x_5&=4+u,\\ x_6&=8-t, &x_7&=10-u,\\ x_8&=8+t, &x_9&=8+u. \end{aligned} The two closing equations give t=6t=6 and u=3.u=-3. Hence x5=4+u=1.x_5=4+u=1.

Thus the correct answer is A.

27.

下列哪一组三个数不可能是一个三角形的三条高的长度?

Which of these triples could not be the lengths of the three altitudes of a triangle?

113\sqrt322

1,1, 3,\sqrt3, 22

334455

3,3, 4,4, 55

5512121313

5,5, 12,12, 1313

7788113\sqrt{113}

7,7, 8,8, 113\sqrt{113}

8815151717

8,8, 15,15, 1717

答案:C
难度评级:2380
小提示:

对于固定的面积 KK,与高 hh 对应的边长等于 2Kh\frac{2K}{h}

For fixed area K,K, a side corresponding to altitude hh equals 2Kh\frac{2K}{h}

大提示:

检验每组数的倒数是否满足三角不等式

Test the triangle inequality on the reciprocals of each triple

解答:

若三条高为 h1,h2,h3h_1,h_2,h_3,则对应的三条边长分别与 1h1,1h2,1h3\frac{1}{h_1},\frac{1}{h_2},\frac{1}{h_3} 成正比。对于 5,12,135,12,1315>112+113 \frac15\gt\frac1{12}+\frac1{13}\text{,}所以它们的倒数不满足三角不等式。直接检验可知,其余各组数的倒数都满足所有严格的三角不等式。

所以正确答案是 C

If the altitudes are h1,h2,h3,h_1,h_2,h_3, then the corresponding sides are proportional to 1h1,1h2,1h3.\frac{1}{h_1},\frac{1}{h_2},\frac{1}{h_3}. For 5,12,13,5,12,13, 15>112+113, \frac15\gt\frac1{12}+\frac1{13}, so the reciprocals fail the triangle inequality. Direct checking shows that the reciprocals of each other listed triple satisfy all strict triangle inequalities.

Thus the correct answer is C.

28.

一个四边形的连续四条边长依次为 70709090130130110110。它既内接于一个圆,又有一个圆内切于它。内切圆与长度为 130130 的边相切,切点将该边分成长度为 xxyy 的两段。求 xy|x-y|

A quadrilateral that has consecutive sides of lengths 70,70, 90,90, 130,130, and 110110 is inscribed in a circle and also has a circle inscribed in it. The point of tangency of the inscribed circle to the side of length 130130 divides that side into segments of lengths xx and y.y. Find xy.|x-y|.

1212

1313

1414

1515

1616

答案:B
难度评级:2760
小提示:

在每个顶点处设一个切线段长,使相邻的两个切线段长之和等于对应边长

Assign one tangent length to each vertex, so adjacent pairs sum to the four side lengths

大提示:

对于互补的两个对角,两个顶点处的切线段长之积相等

For supplementary opposite angles, the products of the tangent lengths at opposite vertices are equal

解答:

设从连续四个顶点引出的切线段长为 u,v,w,zu,v,w,z。则 u+v=70,v+w=90,w+z=130,z+u=110 \begin{aligned} u+v&=70, &v+w&=90,\\ w+z&=130, &z+u&=110 \end{aligned}\text{。}因此 v=70uv=70-uw=20+uw=20+uz=110uz=110-u。若内切圆半径为 rr,则角 AA 所在顶点的切线段长为 rcot(A2)r\cot(\frac{A}{2})。两个对角互补,所以 uw=vzuw=vz。因此 u(20+u)=(70u)(110u) u(20+u)=(70-u)(110-u)\text{,}解得 u=38.5u=38.5。所以长度为 130130 的边上的两段分别为 w=58.5w=58.5z=71.5z=71.5,两者之差为 1313

所以正确答案是 B

Let the tangent lengths from the four consecutive vertices be u,v,w,z.u,v,w,z. Then u+v=70,v+w=90,w+z=130,z+u=110. \begin{aligned} u+v&=70, &v+w&=90,\\ w+z&=130, &z+u&=110. \end{aligned} Thus v=70u,v=70-u, w=20+u,w=20+u, and z=110u.z=110-u. If the inradius is r,r, a vertex with angle AA has tangent length rcot(A2).r\cot(\frac{A}{2}). Opposite angles are supplementary, so uw=vz.uw=vz. Therefore u(20+u)=(70u)(110u), u(20+u)=(70-u)(110-u), giving u=38.5.u=38.5. Hence the two segments of the 130130-side are w=58.5w=58.5 and z=71.5,z=71.5, whose difference is 13.13.

Thus the correct answer is B.

29.

整数 1122\ldots100100 的一个子集满足:其中没有一个元素是另一个元素的 33 倍。这样的子集最多可以有多少个元素?

A subset of the integers 1,1, 2,2, ,\ldots, 100100 has the property that none of its members is 33 times another. What is the largest number of members such a subset can have?

5050

6666

6767

7676

7878

答案:D
难度评级:2340
小提示:

将整数分成形如 m,3m,9m,m,3m,9m,\ldots 的链,其中 mm 不是 33 的倍数

Group integers into chains m,3m,9m,m,3m,9m,\ldots where mm is not a multiple of 33

大提示:

在每条链中交替选取元素,即可得到允许的最大选择数

Within each chain, alternating entries give a largest allowed selection

解答:

将这些整数分成形如 m,3m,9m,m,3m,9m,\ldots 的链,其中 mm 不是 33 的倍数。在每条链中,两个相邻项不能同时选取,所以最大选择方案是从 mm 开始隔项选取。等价地,选择质因数 33 的指数为偶数的整数。这样的整数有 (1001003)+(100910027)+10081=67+8+1=76 \begin{aligned} &\left(100-\left\lfloor\frac{100}{3}\right\rfloor\right)\\ &\quad+\left(\left\lfloor\frac{100}{9}\right\rfloor -\left\lfloor\frac{100}{27}\right\rfloor\right)\\ &\quad+\left\lfloor\frac{100}{81}\right\rfloor\\ &=67+8+1=76 \end{aligned}\text{。}上述链的论证也证明了不可能选取更多元素。

所以正确答案是 D

Partition the integers into chains m,3m,9m,,m,3m,9m,\ldots, with mm not a multiple of 3.3. In each chain, no two adjacent terms may both be selected, so a maximum selection takes alternating terms starting with m.m. Equivalently, select the integers whose exponent of 33 is even. There are (1001003)+(100910027)+10081=67+8+1=76. \begin{aligned} &\left(100-\left\lfloor\frac{100}{3}\right\rfloor\right)\\ &\quad+\left(\left\lfloor\frac{100}{9}\right\rfloor -\left\lfloor\frac{100}{27}\right\rfloor\right)\\ &\quad+\left\lfloor\frac{100}{81}\right\rfloor\\ &=67+8+1=76. \end{aligned} The chain argument also proves no larger selection is possible.

Thus the correct answer is D.

30.

Rn=12(an+bn)R_n=\frac12(a^n+b^n),其中 a=3+22a=3+2\sqrt2b=322b=3-2\sqrt2,且 n=0n=01122\ldots,则 R12345R_{12345} 是整数。它的个位数字为

If Rn=12(an+bn),R_n=\frac12(a^n+b^n), where a=3+22,a=3+2\sqrt2, b=322,b=3-2\sqrt2, and n=0,n=0, 1,1, 2,2, ,\ldots, then R12345R_{12345} is an integer. Its units digit is

11

33

55

77

99

答案:E
难度评级:2260
小提示:

利用 a+b=6a+b=6ab=1ab=1,求出 RnR_n 的递推关系

Use a+b=6a+b=6 and ab=1ab=1 to obtain a recurrence for RnR_n

大提示:

1010 取模计算该递推关系,并寻找一个较短的周期

Compute the recurrence modulo 1010 and look for a short period

解答:

因为 a,ba,b 是方程 t26t+1=0t^2-6t+1=0 的根,Rn=6Rn1Rn2 R_n=6R_{n-1}-R_{n-2}\text{。}R0=1, R1=3R_0=1,\ R_1=3 开始,个位数字依次为 1,3,7,9,7,3,1, 1,3,7,9,7,3,1,\ldots\text{,}周期为 66。因为 123453(mod6)12345\equiv3\pmod6,所求个位数字与 R3R_3 的个位数字相同,即 99

所以正确答案是 E

Because a,ba,b are roots of t26t+1=0,t^2-6t+1=0, Rn=6Rn1Rn2. R_n=6R_{n-1}-R_{n-2}. Starting with R0=1, R1=3,R_0=1,\ R_1=3, the units digits are 1,3,7,9,7,3,1,, 1,3,7,9,7,3,1,\ldots, with period 6.6. Since 123453(mod6),12345\equiv3\pmod6, the units digit is the same as that of R3,R_3, namely 9.9.

Thus the correct answer is E.