1993 AIME 第 9 题

先试着解答 1993 AIME 第 9 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1993 AIME 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

9.

圆上有两千个点。任选一点标上 11。从该点起,沿顺时针方向数 22 个点,并将到达的点标上 22。再从标有 22 的点起,沿顺时针方向数 33 个点,并将到达的点标上 33。(见图。)继续这一过程,直到 112233\ldots19931993 这些标号全部用过。圆上有些点会有多个标号,有些点则没有标号。与 19931993 标在同一点上的最小整数是多少?

Two thousand points are given on a circle. Label one of the points 1.1. From this point, count 22 points in the clockwise direction and label this point 2.2. From the point labeled 2,2, count 33 points in the clockwise direction and label this point 3.3. (See figure.) Continue this process until the labels 1,1, 2,2, 3,3, ,\ldots, 19931993 are all used. Some of the points on the circle will have more than one label and some points will not have a label. What is the smallest integer that labels the same point as 1993?1993?

答案:118
知识点:中国剩余定理模运算二次剩余
难度评级:2550
小提示:

计算每个标号相对于标有 11 的点的顺时针位移

Measure every label’s clockwise displacement from the point labeled 11

大提示:

将所得二次同余式分别模 3232 和模 125125 求解

Reduce the resulting quadratic congruence separately modulo 3232 and modulo 125125

解答:

标号 jj 相对于标号 11 沿顺时针方向移动了 2+3++j=j(j+1)212+3+\cdots+j=\frac{j(j+1)}2-1 个点。因此,它与标号 19931993 位于同一点,当且仅当 j(j+1)19931994j(j+1)\equiv1993\cdot199440004000,等价地,当 j(j+1)2042(mod4000)j(j+1)\equiv2042\pmod {4000}。模 125125 时,解为 j6j\equiv6j118j\equiv118;模 3232 时,解为 j9j\equiv9j22j\equiv22。用中国剩余定理合并,得到 j118,1993,2006,3881(mod4000)\begin{aligned}j\equiv{}&118,1993,\\&2006,3881\pmod {4000}\end{aligned}\text{。}最小的正整数解为 118118

Label jj is displaced 2+3++j=j(j+1)212+3+\cdots+j=\frac{j(j+1)}2-1 points clockwise from label 1.1. Thus it shares the point of label 19931993 exactly when j(j+1)19931994j(j+1)\equiv1993\cdot1994 modulo 4000,4000, or equivalently when j(j+1)2042(mod4000).j(j+1)\equiv2042\pmod {4000}. Modulo 125,125, the solutions are j6j\equiv6 and j118,j\equiv118, and modulo 32,32, they are j9j\equiv9 and j22.j\equiv22. Combining these by the Chinese Remainder Theorem gives j118,1993,2006,3881(mod4000).\begin{aligned}j\equiv{}&118,1993,\\&2006,3881\pmod {4000}.\end{aligned} The smallest positive possibility is 118.118.

← 第 8 题#8
完整试卷

其他年份的第 9 题