2005 AIME I 第 14 题

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14.

考虑点 A(0,12)A(0, 12)B(10,9)B(10, 9)C(8,0)C(8, 0),和 D(4,7)D(-4, 7)。存在唯一的正方形 S\mathcal{S},使得这四个点分别位于 S\mathcal{S} 的四条不同边上。设 KKS\mathcal{S} 的面积。求 10K10K 除以 10001000 的余数。

Consider the points A(0,12),A(0, 12), B(10,9),B(10, 9), C(8,0),C(8, 0), and D(4,7).D(-4, 7). There is a unique square S\mathcal{S} such that each of the four points is on a different side of S.\mathcal{S}. Let KK be the area of S.\mathcal{S}. Find the remainder when 10K10K is divided by 1000.1000.

答案:936
知识点:坐标几何正方形(几何)斜率距离公式
难度评级:3160
小提示:

AACC 必须在正方形的两条对边上,BBDD 也必须如此。设经过 BB 的边的斜率为 mm

AA and CC must lie on opposite sides of the square, as must BB and D.D. Let mm be the slope of the side through B.B.

大提示:

DD 到经过 BB 的直线的距离,以及从 AA 到经过 CC 的垂直直线的距离,都等于边长

The distance from DD to the line through BB and the distance from AA to the perpendicular line through CC both equal the side length

解答:

因为线段 AC\overline{AC}BD\overline{BD} 相交,AACC 在正方形的两条对边上,BBDD 也一样。设经过 BB 的边斜率为 mm,于是该边所在直线为 mxy+910m=0mx - y + 9 - 10m = 0,经过 CC 的垂直边所在直线为 x+my8=0x + my - 8 = 0。正方形边长同时等于经过 BBDD 的平行边之间的距离,以及经过 AACC 的两边之间的距离:4m7+910mm2+1=12m8m2+1 \begin{aligned} &\frac{|{-4m} - 7 + 9 - 10m|}{\sqrt{m^2 + 1}} \\ &= \frac{|12m - 8|}{\sqrt{m^2 + 1}} \end{aligned}\text{,}所以 214m=12m8|2 - 14m| = |12m - 8|,得 m=513m = \frac{5}{13}m=3m = -3

m=513m = \frac{5}{13} 时,点 AACC 落在经过 BB 的直线的相对两侧;如果这条直线包含正方形的一条边,这是不可能的。所以 m=3m = -3。此时边长为 12(3)89+1=4410\frac{|12(-3) - 8|}{\sqrt{9 + 1}} = \frac{44}{\sqrt{10}},因此 K=44210=193610K = \frac{44^2}{10} = \frac{1936}{10}10K=193610K = 1936\text{。}

19361936 除以 10001000 的余数是 936936

Since segments AC\overline{AC} and BD\overline{BD} cross, AA and CC lie on opposite sides of the square, as do BB and D.D. Let mm be the slope of the side through B,B, so that side lies on mxy+910m=0,mx - y + 9 - 10m = 0, and the perpendicular side through CC lies on x+my8=0.x + my - 8 = 0. The side length of the square equals both the distance between the parallel sides through BB and DD and the distance between the sides through AA and C:C: 4m7+910mm2+1=12m8m2+1, \begin{aligned} &\frac{|{-4m} - 7 + 9 - 10m|}{\sqrt{m^2 + 1}} \\ &= \frac{|12m - 8|}{\sqrt{m^2 + 1}}, \end{aligned} so 214m=12m8,|2 - 14m| = |12m - 8|, giving m=513m = \frac{5}{13} or m=3.m = -3.

For m=513,m = \frac{5}{13}, the points AA and CC fall on opposite sides of the line through B,B, which is impossible if that line contains a side of the square, so m=3.m = -3. Then the side length is 12(3)89+1=4410,\frac{|12(-3) - 8|}{\sqrt{9 + 1}} = \frac{44}{\sqrt{10}}, so K=44210=193610K = \frac{44^2}{10} = \frac{1936}{10} and 10K=1936.10K = 1936.

The remainder when 19361936 is divided by 10001000 is 936.936.

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