2002 AIME I 第 10 题

先试着解答 2002 AIME I 第 10 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2002 AIME I 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

10.

在下图中,角 ABCABC 是直角。点 DDBC\overline{BC} 上,且 AD\overline{AD} 平分角 CABCAB。点 EEFF 分别在 AB\overline{AB}AC\overline{AC} 上,满足 AE=3AE = 3AF=10AF = 10。已知 EB=9EB = 9FC=27FC = 27,求最接近四边形 DCFGDCFG 面积的整数。

In the diagram below, angle ABCABC is a right angle. Point DD is on BC,\overline{BC}, and AD\overline{AD} bisects angle CAB.CAB. Points EE and FF are on AB\overline{AB} and AC,\overline{AC}, respectively, so that AE=3AE = 3 and AF=10.AF = 10. Given that EB=9EB = 9 and FC=27,FC = 27, find the integer closest to the area of quadrilateral DCFG.DCFG.

答案:148
知识点:角平分线定理面积比勾股定理
难度评级:2720
小提示:

AB=12AB = 12AC=37AC = 37,所以 BC=35BC = 35[ABC]=210[ABC] = 210。写成 [DCFG]=[ADC][AGF][DCFG] = [ADC] - [AGF]

AB=12AB = 12 and AC=37,AC = 37, so BC=35BC = 35 and [ABC]=210.[ABC] = 210. Write [DCFG]=[ADC][AGF].[DCFG] = [ADC] - [AGF].

大提示:

两次使用角平分线定理:用 BD:DC=AB:ACBD : DC = AB : AC 处理三角形 ABCABC,再用 EG:GF=AE:AFEG : GF = AE : AF 处理三角形 AEFAEF

Apply the angle bisector ratio twice: BD:DC=AB:ACBD : DC = AB : AC in triangle ABC,ABC, and EG:GF=AE:AFEG : GF = AE : AF in triangle AEFAEF

解答:

这里 AB=3+9=12AB = 3 + 9 = 12AC=10+27=37AC = 10 + 27 = 37。角 BB 为直角,所以 BC=372122=35BC = \sqrt{37^2 - 12^2} = 35,且 [ABC]=121235=210[ABC] = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 12 \cdot 35 = 210。这个四边形是从三角形 ADCADC 中去掉三角形 AGFAGF 后剩下的部分,其中 GGAD\overline{AD}EF\overline{EF} 的交点。

在三角形 ABCABC 中,由角平分线定理 BD:DC=AB:AC=12:37BD : DC = AB : AC = 12 : 37,所以 [ADC]=3749210=11107[ADC] = \frac{37}{49} \cdot 210 = \frac{1110}{7}。在三角形 AEFAEF 中,射线 AGAG 平分同一个角,所以 EG:GF=AE:AF=3:10EG : GF = AE : AF = 3 : 10,从而 [AGF]=1013[AEF][AGF] = \frac{10}{13}\,[AEF]。另外, [AEF]=AEABAFAC[ABC]=3121037210=52537 \begin{aligned} [AEF] &= \frac{AE}{AB} \cdot \frac{AF}{AC}\,[ABC] \\ &= \frac{3}{12} \cdot \frac{10}{37} \cdot 210 \\ &= \frac{525}{37} \end{aligned}\text{。}

因此 [DCFG]=11107101352537=111075250481158.5710.92=147.66 \begin{aligned} [DCFG] &= \frac{1110}{7} - \frac{10}{13} \cdot \frac{525}{37} \\ &= \frac{1110}{7} - \frac{5250}{481} \\ &\approx 158.57 - 10.92 \\ &= 147.66 \end{aligned} 最接近的整数为 148148

Here AB=3+9=12,AB = 3 + 9 = 12, AC=10+27=37,AC = 10 + 27 = 37, and angle BB is right, so BC=372122=35BC = \sqrt{37^2 - 12^2} = 35 and [ABC]=121235=210.[ABC] = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 12 \cdot 35 = 210. The quadrilateral is triangle ADCADC with triangle AGFAGF removed, where GG is the intersection of AD\overline{AD} and EF.\overline{EF}.

By the angle bisector theorem in triangle ABC,ABC, BD:DC=AB:AC=12:37,BD : DC = AB : AC = 12 : 37, so [ADC]=3749210=11107.[ADC] = \frac{37}{49} \cdot 210 = \frac{1110}{7}. In triangle AEF,AEF, ray AGAG bisects the same angle, so EG:GF=AE:AF=3:10EG : GF = AE : AF = 3 : 10 and [AGF]=1013[AEF].[AGF] = \frac{10}{13}\,[AEF]. Also [AEF]=AEABAFAC[ABC]=3121037210=52537. \begin{aligned} [AEF] &= \frac{AE}{AB} \cdot \frac{AF}{AC}\,[ABC] \\ &= \frac{3}{12} \cdot \frac{10}{37} \cdot 210 \\ &= \frac{525}{37}. \end{aligned}

Therefore [DCFG]=11107101352537=111075250481158.5710.92=147.66, \begin{aligned} [DCFG] &= \frac{1110}{7} - \frac{10}{13} \cdot \frac{525}{37} \\ &= \frac{1110}{7} - \frac{5250}{481} \\ &\approx 158.57 - 10.92 \\ &= 147.66, \end{aligned} and the closest integer is 148.148.

第 9 题#9
完整试卷

其他年份的第 10 题