1973 AMC 12 第 32 题

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32.

一个棱锥的底面是边长为 66 的等边三角形,其余各棱长均为 15\sqrt{15}。则该棱锥的体积为

The volume of a pyramid whose base is an equilateral triangle of side length 66 and whose other edges are each of length 15\sqrt{15} is

99

92\dfrac92

272\dfrac{27}{2}

932\dfrac{9\sqrt3}{2}

以上都不是

none of these

答案:A
知识点:棱锥等边三角形体积勾股定理
难度评级:2040
小提示:

从顶点作的高与底面交于等边三角形的外心

The altitude from the apex meets the base at the equilateral triangle’s circumcenter

大提示:

利用底面的外接圆半径 232\sqrt3 与侧棱 15\sqrt{15} 求高

Use the base circumradius 232\sqrt3 and a lateral edge 15\sqrt{15} to find the height

解答:

底面积为 34(62)=93 \frac{\sqrt3}{4}(6^2)=9\sqrt3\text{。}因为顶点到三个底面顶点的距离相等,所以其垂直投影是底面的外心。等边三角形底面的外接圆半径为 63=23\frac{6}{\sqrt3}=2\sqrt3。若 hh 为棱锥的高,则 h2+(23)2=(15)2 h^2+(2\sqrt3)^2=(\sqrt{15})^2\text{,}所以 h=3h=\sqrt3。体积为 13(93)(3)=9 \frac13(9\sqrt3)(\sqrt3)=9\text{。}

所以正确答案是 A

The base area is 34(62)=93. \frac{\sqrt3}{4}(6^2)=9\sqrt3. Because the apex is equally distant from all three base vertices, its perpendicular projection is the base circumcenter. The circumradius of the equilateral base is 63=23.\frac{6}{\sqrt3}=2\sqrt3. If hh is the pyramid’s height, then h2+(23)2=(15)2, h^2+(2\sqrt3)^2=(\sqrt{15})^2, so h=3.h=\sqrt3. The volume is 13(93)(3)=9. \frac13(9\sqrt3)(\sqrt3)=9.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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