1963 AMC 12 第 32 题

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32.

矩形 RR 的边长为 aabb,其中 a<ba\lt b。现要得到一个边长为 xxyy 的矩形,其中 x<ax\lt ay<ay\lt a,使它的周长是 RR 的三分之一,面积也是 RR 的三分之一。这样的不同矩形共有:

The dimensions of a rectangle RR are aa and b,b, a<b.a\lt b. It is required to obtain a rectangle with dimensions xx and y,y, x<a,x\lt a, y<a,y\lt a, so that its perimeter is one-third that of R,R, and its area is one-third that of R.R. The number of such (different) rectangles is:

00

11

22

44

无穷多个

infinitely many

答案:A
知识点:矩形不等式代数变形
难度评级:1990
小提示:

把条件写成 3(x+y)=a+b3(x+y)=a+b3xy=ab3xy=ab

Translate the conditions into 3(x+y)=a+b3(x+y)=a+b and 3xy=ab3xy=ab

大提示:

用和式除以积式,再利用 x<ax\lt ay<ay\lt aa<ba\lt b 比较倒数

Divide the sum equation by the product equation and compare reciprocals using x<a,x\lt a, y<a,y\lt a, and a<ba\lt b

解答:

这些条件给出 3(x+y)=a+b3(x+y)=a+b3xy=ab3xy=ab。相除得到 1x+1y=1a+1b\frac1x+\frac1y=\frac1a+\frac1b\text{。}但是 x<ax\lt ay<ay\lt a 使左边大于 2a\frac{2}{a},而 a<ba\lt b 使右边小于 2a\frac{2}{a}。这不可能成立。

所以正确答案是 A

The conditions give 3(x+y)=a+b3(x+y)=a+b and 3xy=ab.3xy=ab. Dividing yields 1x+1y=1a+1b.\frac1x+\frac1y=\frac1a+\frac1b. But x<ax\lt a and y<ay\lt a make the left side greater than 2a,\frac{2}{a}, while a<ba\lt b makes the right side less than 2a.\frac{2}{a}. This is impossible.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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