1956 AMC 12 第 34 题

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34.

nn 是任意非负整数,则 n2(n21)n^2(n^2-1) 一定能被下列哪个数整除?

If nn is any whole number, n2(n21)n^2(n^2-1) is always divisible by:

1212

2424

1212 的任意倍数

any multiple of 1212

12n12-n

12122424

1212 and 2424

答案:A
知识点:整除性consecutive integers奇偶性
难度评级:1770
小提示:

将这个式子因式分解为 n2(n1)(n+1)n^2(n-1)(n+1)

Factor the expression as n2(n1)(n+1)n^2(n-1)(n+1)

大提示:

三个连续整数中必有一个是 33 的倍数,而这些因子中至少含有两个因子 22

Among three consecutive integers there is a multiple of 3,3, and the factors supply at least two powers of 22

解答:

我们有 n2(n21)=n2(n1)(n+1) n^2(n^2-1)=n^2(n-1)(n+1)\text{。}n1n-1nnn+1n+1 中,有一个能被 33 整除。若 nn 为偶数,则 n2n^2 能被 44 整除;若 nn 为奇数,则 n1n-1n+1n+1 都是偶数,所以它们的乘积能被 44 整除。因此,这个式子一定能被 1212 整除。它不一定能被 2424 整除,因为 n=2n=2 时式子的值为 1212

因此,正确答案是 A

We have n2(n21)=n2(n1)(n+1). n^2(n^2-1)=n^2(n-1)(n+1). Among n1,n-1, n,n, and n+1,n+1, one is divisible by 3.3. If nn is even, n2n^2 is divisible by 4;4; if nn is odd, both n1n-1 and n+1n+1 are even, so their product is divisible by 4.4. Thus the expression is always divisible by 12.12. It is not always divisible by 24,24, since n=2n=2 gives 12.12.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

← 第 33 题#33
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其他年份的第 34 题

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