1961 AMC 12 第 34 题

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34.

xx 取区间 x0x\ge0 中的任意值时,设分式 2x+3x+2 \frac{2x+3}{x+2} 的所有可能值组成集合 SS。设 MMSS 的最小上界,mmSS 的最大下界。于是可以说:

Let SS be the set of values assumed by the fraction 2x+3x+2 \frac{2x+3}{x+2} when xx is any member of the interval x0.x\ge0. Let MM be the least upper bound of S,S, and let mm be the greatest lower bound of S.S. We may then say:

mm 属于 SS,但 MM 不属于 SS

mm is in S,S, but MM is not in SS

MM 属于 SS,但 mm 不属于 SS

MM is in S,S, but mm is not in SS

mmMM 都属于 SS

both mm and MM are in SS

mmMM 都不属于 SS

neither mm nor MM is in SS

MMSS 内外都不存在

MM does not exist either in or outside SS

答案:A
知识点:函数不等式极限情形界定
难度评级:1500
小提示:

将分式改写为 21x+22-\frac1{x+2}

Rewrite the fraction as 21x+22-\frac1{x+2}

大提示:

求出左端点的值,并考察 xx 增大时的极限

Evaluate the lower endpoint and examine the limit as xx increases

解答:

2x+3x+2=21x+2 \frac{2x+3}{x+2}=2-\frac1{x+2}\text{。}x0x\ge0 时,该值从 32\frac{3}{2} 递增并趋近 22,但不等于 22。因此 S=[32,2)S=[\frac32,2),其最大下界 m=32m=\frac{3}{2} 属于 SS,而最小上界 M=2M=2 不属于其中。

因此,正确答案是 A

We have 2x+3x+2=21x+2. \frac{2x+3}{x+2}=2-\frac1{x+2}. For x0,x\ge0, this increases from 32\frac{3}{2} toward 22 without reaching 2.2. Thus S=[32,2),S=[\frac32,2), so its greatest lower bound m=32m=\frac{3}{2} belongs to S,S, while its least upper bound M=2M=2 does not.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

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