1950 AMC 12 第 37 题

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37.

y=logaxy=\log_a x,且 a>1a>1,下列哪个说法不正确?

If y=logax,y=\log_a x, a>1,a>1, which of the following statements is incorrect?

x=1x=1,则 y=0y=0

If x=1,x=1, y=0y=0

x=ax=a,则 y=1y=1

If x=a,x=a, y=1y=1

x=1x=-1,则 yy 为虚数(复数)

If x=1,x=-1, yy is imaginary (complex)

若 0<x<1,则 yy 始终小于 00,并且当 xx 趋近于零时无限减小

If 0<x<1, yy is always less than 00 and decreases without limit as xx approaches zero

以上说法只有一部分正确

Only some of the above statements are correct

答案:E
知识点:对数函数复数
难度评级:1530
小提示:

直接根据对数的定义检验选项 A 和 B

Check choices A and B directly from the definition of a logarithm

大提示:

a>1a>1 时,实对数函数递增,并在 xx 从右侧趋近于 00 时趋于 -\infty

For a>1,a>1, the real logarithm is increasing and tends to -\infty as xx approaches 00 from the right

解答:

我们有 loga1=0\log_a1=0logaa=1\log_aa=1。实对数在 1-1 处没有定义,但其复数值不是实数。当 a>1a>1 时,在 0<x<10<x<1 上有 logax<0\log_a x<0,并且当 xx 从右侧趋近于 00 时,它趋于 -\infty。因此,A 至 D 都正确,“只有一部分正确”才是不正确的说法。

因此,正确答案是 E

We have loga1=0\log_a1=0 and logaa=1.\log_aa=1. A real logarithm is not defined at 1,-1, though its complex values are nonreal. For a>1,a>1, logax<0\log_a x<0 on 0<x<1,0<x<1, and it tends to -\infty as xx approaches 00 from the right. Thus statements A through D are all correct, making the claim that only some are correct the incorrect statement.

Thus, the correct answer is E.

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