2021 AMC 10B Fall 第 24 题

先试着解答 2021 AMC 10B Fall 第 24 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2021 AMC 10B Fall 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

24.

44 个白色单位立方体和 44 个蓝色单位立方体构造一个 2×2×22 \times 2 \times 2 立方体。有多少种不同构造方法?若一种构造经旋转后能与另一种重合,则二者视为相同。

A cube is constructed from 44 white unit cubes and 44 blue unit cubes. How many different ways are there to construct the 2×2×22 \times 2 \times 2 cube using these smaller cubes? (Two constructions are considered the same if one can be rotated to match the other.)

77

88

99

1010

1111

答案:A
知识点:伯恩赛德引理正方体
难度评级:1860
解答:

问题等价于选择哪 44 个位置涂蓝,位置总数为 88,并对立方体的 2424 个旋转使用 Burnside 引理。

恒等旋转固定 (84)=70\binom84=70 种染色。66 个绕面中心轴的四分之一转各固定 22 种;33 个绕面中心轴的半转各固定 66 种;88 个绕相对顶点轴的旋转各固定 44 种;66 个绕相对棱中点轴的半转各固定 66 种。

因此不等价构造数为 70+62+36+84+6624=7. \begin{gathered} \frac{70+6\cdot2+3\cdot6+8\cdot4+6\cdot6}{24}\\ =7. \end{gathered}

所以正确答案是 A

This is the number of ways to choose which 44 of the 88 cube vertices are blue, up to cube rotation. Use Burnside's lemma on the 2424 rotations of the cube.

The identity fixes (84)=70\binom84=70 colorings. The 66 quarter-turn face rotations each fix 2.2. The 33 half-turn face rotations each fix 6.6. The 88 rotations about opposite vertices each fix 4.4. The 66 half-turn rotations about opposite edges each fix 6.6.

Thus the number of inequivalent constructions is 70+62+36+84+6624=7. \begin{gathered} \frac{70+6\cdot2+3\cdot6+8\cdot4+6\cdot6}{24}\\ =7. \end{gathered}

Thus, the answer is A .

← 第 23 题#23
完整试卷

其他年份的第 24 题