2021 AMC 10A Fall 第 24 题
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24.
一个立方体的 条棱各被标为 或 。即使一个标法可由另一个标法通过一次或多次旋转和/或反射得到,这两个标法仍视为不同。有多少种这样的标法,使得立方体 个面中每个面的四条边标签和都等于 ?
Each of the edges of a cube is labeled or Two labelings are considered different even if one can be obtained from the other by a sequence of one or more rotations and/or reflections. For how many such labelings is the sum of the labels on the edges of each of the faces of the cube equal to
答案:E
解答:
先标记一个面为 。每个面必须包含两个 和两个 ,所以先按 四条棱的标签模式分类。
情形一: 的相对棱标签相同。 上有 种这样的模式;任选一条竖直棱(如 )的标签后,其余标签都被确定。因此共有 种标法。
情形二: 的相对棱标签不同。 上有 种这样的模式;对每种模式,相邻两条竖直棱的标签有 种选择,其余标签随即确定。因此共有 种标法。
总数为 。
所以正确答案是 E。
Label one face Each face must contain two s and two s, so first split by the pattern on the four edges of
Case 1: opposite edges of have the same label. There are such patterns on For either pattern, once the label of one vertical edge, say is chosen, the face-sum conditions force all remaining labels. This gives labelings.
Case 2: opposite edges of have different labels. There are such patterns on For each, the labels of two adjacent vertical edges may be chosen in ways, and then the remaining labels are forced by the face-sum conditions. This gives labelings.
The total is
Thus, E is the correct answer.
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