2000 AMC 10 第 23 题

先试着解答 2000 AMC 10 第 23 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2000 AMC 10 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

23.

将列表 10,2,5,2,4,2,x10, 2, 5, 2, 4, 2, x 的平均数、中位数和众数按递增顺序排列后,它们形成一个非常数等差数列。所有可能的实数 xx 的和是多少?

When the mean, median, and mode of the list 10,2,5,2,4,2,x10, 2, 5, 2, 4, 2, x are arranged in increasing order, they form a non-constant arithmetic progression. What is the sum of all possible real values of x?x?

33

66

99

1717

2020

答案:E
知识点:平均数中位数(数据)等差数列分类讨论
难度评级:1950
小提示:

众数是 22,平均数是 25+x7\dfrac{25 + x}{7};中位数取决于 xx 的大小。

The mode is 22 and the mean is 25+x7;\dfrac{25 + x}{7}; the median depends on where xx falls

大提示:

xx 的大小分情况,并要求三个有序值等间隔。

Split into cases by the size of x,x, and require the three ordered values to be equally spaced

解答:

众数总是 22,平均数是 μ=25+x7\mu = \dfrac{25+x}{7}

x2x \leq 2,中位数也是 22。两个相等的数不可能属于一个非常数三项等差数列,所以这种情况没有解。

2<x<42 < x < 4,三个数按 2<x<μ2 < x < \mu 排列。它们恰好在 x2=μxx-2 = \mu-x 时构成等差数列。代入 μ\mux2=25+x7x x-2 = \dfrac{25+x}{7}-x\text{,}解得 x=3x=3

x4x \geq 4,中位数是 44,并且 μ>4\mu>4。因此条件是 42=μ4 4-2 = \mu-4\text{,}所以 μ=6\mu=6,且 x=17x=17

两个可能值是 331717,其和为 2020

所以正确答案是 E

The mode is always 2,2, and the mean is μ=25+x7.\mu = \dfrac{25+x}{7}.

If x2,x \leq 2, the median is also 2.2. Two equal values cannot belong to a non-constant three-term arithmetic progression, so this case gives no solutions.

If 2<x<4,2 < x < 4, the values occur in the order 2<x<μ.2 < x < \mu. They form an arithmetic progression exactly when x2=μx.x-2 = \mu-x. Substituting for μ\mu gives x2=25+x7x, x-2 = \dfrac{25+x}{7}-x, whose solution is x=3.x=3.

If x4,x \geq 4, the median is 44 and μ>4.\mu>4. Thus the condition is 42=μ4, 4-2 = \mu-4, so μ=6\mu=6 and x=17.x=17.

The two possible values are therefore 33 and 17,17, whose sum is 20.20.

Thus, the correct answer is E.

第 22 题#22
完整试卷

其他年份的第 23 题