2019 AMC 10B 第 23 题

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23.

A=(6,13)A=(6,13)B=(12,11)B=(12,11) 在平面中的圆 ω\omega 上。假设 ω\omegaAABB 处的切线相交于 xx 轴上的一点。求 ω\omega 的面积。

Points A=(6,13)A=(6,13) and B=(12,11)B=(12,11) lie on a circle ω\omega in the plane. Suppose that the tangent lines to ω\omega at AA and BB intersect at a point on the xx-axis. What is the area of ω?\omega?

83π8\dfrac{83\pi}{8}

21π2\dfrac{21\pi}{2}

85π8\dfrac{85\pi}{8}

43π4\dfrac{43\pi}{4}

87π8\dfrac{87\pi}{8}

答案:C
知识点:坐标几何切线垂直平分线
难度评级:2150
解答:

设两条切线交于 PP。从同一点引出的两条切线长度相等,所以 PA=PBPA=PB,因此 PPAB\overline{AB} 的垂直平分线上。

A(6,13)A(6,13)B(12,11)B(12,11) 的中点为 (9,12)(9,12)ABAB 的斜率为 13-\dfrac13,所以垂直平分线为 y=3x15y=3x-15。它与 xx 轴交于 P=(5,0)P=(5,0)

经过 PPAA 的切线斜率为 1313,所以通向 AA 的半径斜率为 113-\dfrac1{13}。联立 y13=113(x6)y-13=-\dfrac1{13}(x-6)y=3x15y=3x-15,得到圆心 (374,514)\left(\dfrac{37}{4},\dfrac{51}{4}\right)

因此 r2=(3746)2r^2=\left(\dfrac{37}{4}-6\right)^2 +(51413)2+\left(\dfrac{51}{4}-13\right)^2 =858=\dfrac{85}{8},所以圆面积为 85π8\dfrac{85\pi}{8}。正确答案是 C

Let PP be the intersection point of the two tangents. Since tangent lengths from the same point are equal, PA=PBPA=PB, so PP lies on the perpendicular bisector of AB\overline{AB}.

The midpoint of A(6,13)A(6,13) and B(12,11)B(12,11) is (9,12)(9,12), and the slope of ABAB is 13-\dfrac13, so the perpendicular bisector is y=3x15y=3x-15. Its intersection with the xx-axis is P=(5,0)P=(5,0).

The tangent line through PP and AA has slope 1313, so the radius to AA has slope 113-\dfrac1{13}. Intersecting y13=113(x6)y-13=-\dfrac1{13}(x-6) with y=3x15y=3x-15 gives center (374,514)\left(\dfrac{37}{4},\dfrac{51}{4}\right).

Thus r2=(3746)2r^2=\left(\dfrac{37}{4}-6\right)^2 +(51413)2+\left(\dfrac{51}{4}-13\right)^2 =858=\dfrac{85}{8}, so the area is 85π8\dfrac{85\pi}{8}. Thus, C is the correct answer.

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