2005 AMC 10B 第 24 题

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24.

xxyy 是两位整数,且 yyxx 的数字倒序得到。整数 xxyy 满足 x2y2=m2x^2 - y^2 = m^2,其中 mm 是正整数。求 x+y+mx + y + m

Let xx and yy be two-digit integers such that yy is obtained by reversing the digits of x.x. The integers xx and yy satisfy x2y2=m2x^2 - y^2 = m^2 for some positive integer m.m. What is x+y+m?x + y + m?

8888

112112

116116

144144

154154

答案:E
知识点:数字平方差完全平方数
难度评级:1880
解答:

写成 x=10a+bx = 10a + by=10b+ay = 10b + a,其中 a>ba \gt b。于是 m2=x2y2=99(a2b2)=99(a+b)(ab). \begin{aligned} m^2 &= x^2 - y^2 \\ &= 99(a^2 - b^2) \\ &= 99(a+b)(a-b). \end{aligned}

由于 99=91199 = 9 \cdot 11,要使 m2m^2 为完全平方数,需要 11(a+b)(ab)11 \mid (a+b)(a-b)。又因 a+b17a + b \le 17,这迫使 a+b=11a + b = 11,然后 aba - b 本身必须是完全平方数。

由于 ab8a - b \le 8,唯一可行的是 ab=1a - b = 1,得到 (a,b)=(6,5)(a, b) = (6, 5)。于是 x=65x = 65y=56y = 56,且 m2=9911=332m^2 = 99 \cdot 11 = 33^2,所以 m=33m = 33

因此 x+y+mx + y + m =65+56+33= 65 + 56 + 33 =154= 154

所以正确答案是 E

Write x=10a+bx = 10a + b and y=10b+ay = 10b + a with a>b.a \gt b. Then m2=x2y2=99(a2b2)=99(a+b)(ab). \begin{aligned} m^2 &= x^2 - y^2 \\ &= 99(a^2 - b^2) \\ &= 99(a+b)(a-b). \end{aligned}

Since 99=911,99 = 9 \cdot 11, for m2m^2 to be a perfect square we need 11(a+b)(ab).11 \mid (a+b)(a-b). As a+b17,a + b \le 17, this forces a+b=11,a + b = 11, and then aba - b must itself be a perfect square.

With ab8,a - b \le 8, the only workable case is ab=1,a - b = 1, giving (a,b)=(6,5).(a, b) = (6, 5). Then x=65,x = 65, y=56,y = 56, and m2=9911=332,m^2 = 99 \cdot 11 = 33^2, so m=33.m = 33.

Therefore x+y+mx + y + m =65+56+33= 65 + 56 + 33 =154.= 154.

Thus, E is the correct answer.

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