1952 AMC 12 第 36 题

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36.

为使函数在 x=1x=-1 处连续,应将 x3+1x21\dfrac{x^3+1}{x^2-1} 的值定义为:

To be continuous at x=1,x=-1, the value of x3+1x21\dfrac{x^3+1}{x^2-1} is taken to be:

2-2

00

32\dfrac32

\infty

32-\dfrac32

答案:E
知识点:微积分因式分解
难度评级:1450
小提示:

代入 x=1x=-1 前,先将分子和分母因式分解

Factor both numerator and denominator before substituting x=1x=-1

大提示:

约去公因式 x+1x+1,再计算剩余表达式的值

Cancel the common factor x+1x+1 and evaluate the remaining expression

解答:

x1x\ne-1 时,x3+1x21=(x+1)(x2x+1)(x+1)(x1)=x2x+1x1 \begin{aligned} \frac{x^3+1}{x^2-1} &=\frac{(x+1)(x^2-x+1)} {(x+1)(x-1)}\\ &=\frac{x^2-x+1}{x-1} \end{aligned}\text{。}它在 x=1x=-1 处的极限为 1+1+12=32 \frac{1+1+1}{-2}=-\frac32\text{。}将函数在该点定义为此值即可消除间断。

因此,正确答案是 E

For x1,x\ne-1, x3+1x21=(x+1)(x2x+1)(x+1)(x1)=x2x+1x1. \begin{aligned} \frac{x^3+1}{x^2-1} &=\frac{(x+1)(x^2-x+1)} {(x+1)(x-1)}\\ &=\frac{x^2-x+1}{x-1}. \end{aligned} Its limit at x=1x=-1 is 1+1+12=32. \frac{1+1+1}{-2}=-\frac32. Assigning this value removes the discontinuity.

Thus, the correct answer is E.

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